厦门市大气PM<sub>2.5</sub>中水溶性离子污染特征及来源解析

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Abstract

The PM_2.5 samples were synchronously collected in urban and suburban areas of Xiamen city during August and December in 2014 to investigate the characteristics and sources of water-soluble ions in atmospheric PM_2.5. Nine water-soluble ions (F^-, Cl^-, NO₃^-, SO₄²^-, Na⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺) were determined by ion chromatography. The level of water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 of Xiamen city was relatively lower, and the sum concentrations (μg/m³) of total water-soluble ions showed the order of urban area in winter (18.16) > suburban area in winter (14.55) > suburban area in summer (6.87) > urban area in summer (5.33). Precipitation had a significant effect on the removal of water-soluble ions in PM_2.5. Anions in PM_2.5 were relative loss in summer, whereas opposite in winter. SO₄²^-, NO₃^-, NH₄⁺(SNA) were the major components of water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 with a contribution of more than 79.64% to total water-soluble ions, suggesting that the level of secondary ions was relatively high. Correlation analysis and SNA triangular diagram showed that NH₄⁺ in PM_2.5 mostly coexisted in the form of (NH₄)₂SO₄ followed by NH₄NO₃ and alkaline free NH₄⁺ in summer, while mostly in the form of (NH₄)₂SO₄ andNH₄NO₃ followed by NH₄Cl in winter. The mass ratio of N/S demonstrated that the main source to the water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 of Xiamen city was coal combustion in summer, while the traffic emissions in winter. Overall, the water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 of Xiamen city presented the composite pollution characteristics of traffic source and coal combustion, but barely influenced by marine source. Principal component analysis further indicated that the water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 of Xiamen city mainly came from coal combustion, traffic emission and biomass burning.

Key words： PM_2.5 water-soluble ions spatial and temporal distribution pollution source Xiamen

Received: 11 December 2015

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	Articles by authors
	ZHANG Zong-wei
	HU Gong-ren
	YU Rui-lian
	HU Qi-chao
	LIU Xian-rong

Cite this article:

ZHANG Zong-wei,HU Gong-ren,YU Rui-lian等. Characteristics and sources apportionment of water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 of Xiamen City, China[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2016, 36(7): 1947-1954.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2016/V36/I7/1947

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