新疆干旱区气溶胶间接效应区域性分析

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Abstract

Aerosol optical depth and cloud data from satellite measurements, the precipitation data from ground observations were used to evaluate the spatial-temporal variations of aerosol characteristics and the interaction between aerosols, cloud and precipitation. The results showed:1. The spatial distribution of aerosol optical depth in Xinjiang had a significant regional and seasonal variation due to the change of regional warm-dry conditions over the last decade. 2. The aerosol optical depth in South Xinjiang was higher than North Xinjiang. It was high in spring and summer and low in autumn and winter. It demonstrated an increasing trend. Wherein, aerosol optical depth in North Xinjiang changes more significantly. 3. There was a negative correlation between cloud optical depth and aerosol optical depth. Due to the influence of climate changes and size differences among particles, the correlation coefficient between cloud optical depth and aerosol optical depth in North Xinjiang was higher than South Xinjiang. 4. The cloud water path was greatly affected by temperature and humidity, and the sensitivity of the change of aerosol optical depth was greater than the southern. It was highest in summer and lowest in winter. 5. The relationship between aerosol optical depth and effective radius of cloud droplets was complex. They were greatly influenced by water vapour. When the water content in clouds was low, the effective radius of cloud droplets was negatively correlated with the aerosol optical depth. This indicated that the increase of aerosols in dry areas or seasons will inhibit the increase of cloud droplets. On the whole, the increase of aerosols in Xinjiang province suppressed regional precipitation.

Key words： aerosol cloud precipitation climate change

Received: 02 April 2016

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X51

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	Articles by authors
	ZHANG Zhe
	DING Jian-li
	WANG Jin-jie
	HE Bao-zhong

Cite this article:

ZHANG Zhe,DING Jian-li,WANG Jin-jie等. Regional analysis of aerosol indirect effects in Xinjiang region[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2016, 36(12): 3521-3530.

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http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/EN/ OR http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/EN/Y2016/V36/I12/3521

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[13]	Tang J, Wang P, Mickley L J, et al. Positive relationship between liquid cloud droplet effective radius and aerosol optical depth over Eastern China from satellite data[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2014,84(1):244-253.
[14]	Zhao C, Tie X, Lin Y. A possible positive feedback of reduction of precipitation and increase in aerosols over eastern central China[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2006,33(331):229-239.
[15]	Li Zhanqing, Niu F, Fan J, et al. Long-term impacts of aerosols on the vertical development of clouds and precipitation[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2011,4(12):888-894.
[16]	石睿,王体健,李树,等.东亚夏季气溶胶-云-降水分布特征及其相互影响的资料分析[J]. 大气科学, 2015,39(1):12-22.
[17]	陈艳.中国西北干旱半干旱区沙尘气溶胶对云特性的影响及云的辐射强迫效应[D]. 兰州:兰州大学, 2007.
[18]	陈宇.基于卫星资料的沙尘气溶胶对西北地区云微物理特性影响研究[D]. 南京:南京信息工程大学, 2009.
[19]	刘波,冯锦明,马柱国,等.1960~2005年新疆气候变化的基本特征[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2009,14(4):414-426.
[20]	鄢雪英,丁建丽,李鑫,等.艾比湖湿地退化对盐尘暴发生及运移路径的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2015,35(17):5856-5865
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[22]	Hong G, Yang P, Gao B C, et al. High Cloud Properties from Three Years of MODIS Terra and Aqua Collection-4 Data over the Tropics[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology, 2007,46(11):1840-1856.
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[25]	郝振纯,童凯,张磊磊,等.TRMM降水资料在青藏高原的适用性分析[J]. 水文, 2011,31(5):18-23.
[26]	石玉立,宋蕾.1998~2012年青藏高原TRMM 3B43降水数据的校准[J]. 干旱区地理, 2015,38(5):900-911.
[27]	Edenhofer O, Seyboth K. Intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC)[J]. Encyclopedia of Energy Natural Resource & Environmental Economics, 2013,26(D14):48-56.
[28]	胡婷.中国区域气溶胶的光学厚度特征和气候效应研究[D]. 南京信息工程大学, 2008.
[29]	罗宇翔,陈娟,郑小波,等.近10年中国大陆MODIS遥感气溶胶光学厚度特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2012,21(5):876-883.
[30]	黄观,刘志红,刘伟,等.北疆地区气溶胶光学厚度的时空特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2015,(3):286-292.
[1]	赵树云.气溶胶的有效辐射强迫及对全球气候特别是地表干旱程度的影响研究[D]. 北京:中国气象科学研究院, 2015.
[2]	石广玉,王标,张华,等.大气气溶胶的辐射与气候效应[J]. 大气科学, 2008,32(4):826-840.
[3]	Mahowald N M, Engelstaedter S, Luo C, et al. Atmospheric iron deposition:global distribution, variability, and human perturbations[J]. Annual Review of Marine Science, 2009,1(2):245-278.
[4]	Rhoads K P, Kelley P, Dickerson R R, et al. Composition of the troposphere over the Indian Ocean during the monsoonal transition[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 1997,102(D15):18981-18995.
[5]	Haywood J, Boucher O. Estimates of the direct and indirect radiative forcing due to tropospheric aerosols:A review[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 2000,38(4):513-543.
[6]	Mahowald N, Ward D S, Kloster S, et al. Aerosol impacts on climate and biogeochemistry[J]. Annual Review of Environment & Resources, 2011,36:45-74.
[7]	Ramanathan V, Crutzen P J, Kiehl J T, et al. Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle[J]. Science, 2001,294(5549):2119-2124.
[8]	杨慧玲,肖辉,洪延超.气溶胶对冰雹云物理特性影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 高原气象, 2011,30(2):445-460.
[9]	杨慧玲,肖辉,洪延超.气溶胶对云宏微观特性和降水影响的研究进展[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2011,16(04):525-542.
[10]	刘婷,黄兴友,高庆先,等.不同气象条件下的气溶胶时空分布特征[J]. 环境科学研究, 2013,26(2):122-128.
[11]	晏利斌,刘晓东.京津冀地区气溶胶季节变化及与云量的关系[J]. 环境科学研究, 2009,22(8):924-931.
[12]	Nakajima T Y, Nakajma T. Wide-area determination of cloud microphysical properties from NOAA AVHRR measurements for FIRE and ASTEX regions[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 2010,52(23):4043-4059.
[13]	Tang J, Wang P, Mickley L J, et al. Positive relationship between liquid cloud droplet effective radius and aerosol optical depth over Eastern China from satellite data[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2014,84(1):244-253.
[14]	Zhao C, Tie X, Lin Y. A possible positive feedback of reduction of precipitation and increase in aerosols over eastern central China[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2006,33(331):229-239.
[15]	Li Zhanqing, Niu F, Fan J, et al. Long-term impacts of aerosols on the vertical development of clouds and precipitation[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2011,4(12):888-894.
[16]	石睿,王体健,李树,等.东亚夏季气溶胶-云-降水分布特征及其相互影响的资料分析[J]. 大气科学, 2015,39(1):12-22.
[17]	陈艳.中国西北干旱半干旱区沙尘气溶胶对云特性的影响及云的辐射强迫效应[D]. 兰州:兰州大学, 2007.
[18]	陈宇.基于卫星资料的沙尘气溶胶对西北地区云微物理特性影响研究[D]. 南京:南京信息工程大学, 2009.
[19]	刘波,冯锦明,马柱国,等.1960~2005年新疆气候变化的基本特征[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2009,14(4):414-426.
[20]	鄢雪英,丁建丽,李鑫,等.艾比湖湿地退化对盐尘暴发生及运移路径的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2015,35(17):5856-5865
[21]	魏文寿,高卫东,史玉光,等.新疆地区气候与环境变化对沙尘暴的影响研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2004,27(2):137-141.
[22]	Hong G, Yang P, Gao B C, et al. High Cloud Properties from Three Years of MODIS Terra and Aqua Collection-4 Data over the Tropics[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology, 2007,46(11):1840-1856.
[23]	Rui H. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)[J]. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 2010,15(3):809-817.
[24]	张涛,李宝林,何元庆,等.基于TRMM订正数据的横断山区降水时空分布特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 2015,30(2):260-270.
[25]	郝振纯,童凯,张磊磊,等.TRMM降水资料在青藏高原的适用性分析[J]. 水文, 2011,31(5):18-23.
[26]	石玉立,宋蕾.1998~2012年青藏高原TRMM 3B43降水数据的校准[J]. 干旱区地理, 2015,38(5):900-911.
[27]	Edenhofer O, Seyboth K. Intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC)[J]. Encyclopedia of Energy Natural Resource & Environmental Economics, 2013,26(D14):48-56.
[28]	胡婷.中国区域气溶胶的光学厚度特征和气候效应研究[D]. 南京信息工程大学, 2008.
[29]	罗宇翔,陈娟,郑小波,等.近10年中国大陆MODIS遥感气溶胶光学厚度特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2012,21(5):876-883.
[30]	黄观,刘志红,刘伟,等.北疆地区气溶胶光学厚度的时空特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2015,(3):286-292.