基于遗传算法的运行模式分布模型及排放测算

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Abstract

In view of the widely available data of the average speed in traffic systems and the parameter of operating mode distribution needed in emission models, a model was developed for generating operating mode distribution based on the average speed. Genetic Algorithm was used further for optimizing the model. After a comparison with the real-world data, it was found that the average emission rates estimated based on the proposed model exhibited less errors than those estimated based on MOVES in 82.5% of the speed bins. The highest error based on the proposed model was 50% while 304.2% based on MOVES. Finally, the proposed model was used to estimate emissions in Beijing for pre- and after- the implementation of the vehicle restriction policy. It was found that the 2nd Ring Road has experienced a reduction of total emissions of HC, CO, NO_x by 9.58%, 11.41%, 0.49% respectively. Compare with the test values, the R² with the model were higher than 0.700 and errors of the model were much lower than that of the MOVES. Further a modal application was proposed, which can calculate the traffic exhaust emissions of dynamic network.

Key words： operating mode distribution emission evaluation average speed genetic algorithm

Received: 17 April 2016

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X511

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	XU Yao-fang
	YU Lei
	SONG Guo-hua

Cite this article:

XU Yao-fang,YU Lei,SONG Guo-hua. GA-based approach to modeling operating mode distributions and estimating emissions[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2016, 36(12): 3548-3559.

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http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/EN/ OR http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/EN/Y2016/V36/I12/3548

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[18]	Jong K A D.An analysis of the behavior of a class of genetic adaptive systems[D],U.S:University of Michigan,1975.
[19]	Goldberg,D E.Genetic algorithms in search,optimization,and machine learning[M].U.S:Addison-Wesley Publishing.Co.Inc.,1989.
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[1]	U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).Motor vehicle emission simulator highway vehicle implementation (MOVES-HVI) demonstration version:Software design and reference manual draft.publication EPA420-P-07-001[R].Washington D.C.,Office of Transportation and Air Quality,U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,2007.
[2]	Barth M,An F,Younglove T,et al.Development of a comprehensive modal emission Model-Final report[R]Washington D.C.,Transportation Research Board National Research Council.April 2000.
[3]	Ahn K,Rakha H,Trani A,et al.Estimating vehicle fuel consumption and emissions based on instantaneous speed and acceleration levels[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering.2002,128(2):182-190.
[4]	Davis,N,James L,Mauricio O,et al.Development and application of an international vehicle emissions Model[J].In Transportation Research Record:Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2005,1939:157-165.
[5]	郝艳召,宋国华,邱兆文,等.基于浮动车数据的机动车排放实时测算模型[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):396-402.
[6]	陈长虹,景启国,王海鲲,等.重型机动车实际排放特性与影响因素的实测研究[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(7):870-878.
[7]	潘汉生,陈长虹,景启国,等.轻型柴油车排放特性与机动车比功率分布的实测研究[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(10):1306-1313.
[8]	王岐东,姚志良,霍红,等.中国城市轻型车的排放特性[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(9):1713-1719.
[9]	曲亮,李孟良,高佳佳,等.基于浮动车数据的机动车排放实时测算模型[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):396-402.
[10]	Zhang Y Y,Chen X,Zhang X,et al.Assessing Effect of traffic signal control strategies on vehicle emissions journal of transportation systems engineering and information technology,2009,9(1):150-155.
[11]	杨方.基于PEMS的轻型车热稳状态下微观尾气排放模型[D].北京:北京交通大学,2005.
[12]	Liu H,He K B,Lents J.A methodology for developing a micro-emission model based on on-board heavy duty truck tests in China[C]//87th Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting CD-ROM,Washington,D.C.,USA,2008.
[13]	陈琨.微观交通仿真与尾气评估[D].北京:北京交通大学,2003.
[14]	Lents J,Walsh M,K.He,et al.Handbook of air quality management[EB/OL].http://www.aqbook.org/read/?page=86,2009.
[15]	Frey H C,Rouphail N M,and Zhai H.Speed-and facility-specific emission estimates for on-road light-duty vehicles on the basis of real-world speed profiles[J].Transportation Research Record:Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2006,1987:128-137.
[16]	宋国华,于雷.城市快速路上机动车比功率分布特性与模型[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2010,10(6):133-140.
[17]	Jose L J Understanding and quantifying motor vehicle emissions with vehicle specific power and TILDAS remote sensing[D].Cambridge US:Massachusetts Institute of Technology,1999.
[18]	Jong K A D.An analysis of the behavior of a class of genetic adaptive systems[D],U.S:University of Michigan,1975.
[19]	Goldberg,D E.Genetic algorithms in search,optimization,and machine learning[M].U.S:Addison-Wesley Publishing.Co.Inc.,1989.
[20]	北京市人民政府.北京市人民政府关于实施交通管理措施的通告[R].北京市人民政府,2009.
[21]	刘娟.基于实时数据修正的尾气排放因子获取技术与方法实现[D].北京:北京交通大学,2006.