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| The distribution characteristics and implications of carbohydrates in the PM2.5 of Liuzhou |
| HUANG Xu1,2, GUO Yun-xia3, LIU Jian-bin3, LIU Ming1, ZHANG Jun-hua1,2, FENG Qian-hua1, CHEN Lai-guo1, ZHANG Zhi-sheng1, TAO Jun1 |
1. South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China;
2. The School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
3. Liuzhou Environmental Monitoring Station, Liuzhou 545000, China |
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Abstract In this paper, the technology of high performance anion exchange chromatography-pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) was used to measure the carbohydrates in the atmospheric particulates during three seasons (spring, autumn and winter) in Liuzhou, to study the levels, distribution characteristics and sources of carbohydrates. The results show that, the concentrations of PM2.5 and the total carbohydrates are higher than that in spring and autumn, with lowest values in autumn and similar seasonal distribution patterns. Also, there is a significant difference in the level of total carbohydrates content during three seasons, but the difference between three monitoring sites is of no significance in space. Levoglucosan makes up almost more than 80% of total carbohydrates. There is obvious relationship between levoglucosan, its isomers and the total carbohydrates, suggesting that levoglucosan and its isomers can represent the total carbohydrates well. The average ratios of levoglucosan/mannosan (L/M) and levoglucosan/(mannosan+galactosan) [L/(M+G)] are 10.4±2.3 and 8.6±2.1, respectively. Considering with the local agriculture and forestry production situations, it can be initially inferred that the mixture of cork and crop residues are the main biomass combustion sources in the PM2.5 of Liuzhou.
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Received: 27 May 2016
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