减氮及不同肥料配施对稻田CH<sub>4</sub>和N<sub>2</sub>O排放的影响

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Abstract

Nitrogen source and fertilizing rate are the important factors that affecting greenhouse gas emissions from cropland. In order to evaluate the potential of reduced nitrogen and combined application of different types of fertilizer to mitigate CH₄ and N₂O emissions, a field experiment was conducted to investigate CH₄ and N₂O emissions from paddy field and the relevant driving factors. Seven fertilizer treatments were applied in this experiment, including reduced nitrogen combined with increased potassium treatment (N190_CF+U+K), reduced nitrogen plus topdressing urea ammonium treatment (N230_CF+UA), formula fertilization treatment (N230_CF+U), combined application of organic-inorganic fertilizer (N230_OF+U), stability urea with dicyandiamide and hydroquinone treatment (N230_UHD), urea formaldehyde treatment (N230_UF) and conventional fertilization treatment (N270_CF+U). The results showed that cumulative CH₄ emissions from different fertilizer treatments ranged from 78.61~181.96kg/hm². All fertilizer treatments except for N230_UHD reduced CH₄emissions by 32.0%~49.6% relative to the N270_CF+U treatment. The reduced nitrogen plus topdressing urea ammonium treatment had the best CH₄mitigation effect among all fertilizer treatments. Cumulative N₂O emissions from the paddy field ranged from 0.28~0.46kg/hm². With the exception of N230_CF+UA, total N₂O emissions for all fertilizer treatments were decreased by 15.4%~38.6% in comparison with conventional fertilization treatment. The combined application of organic-inorganic fertilizer showed the priority among all fertilizer treatments. Moreover, N₂O emissions in paddy field were positively correlated only with the NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N concentrations of field surface water (P<0.05). However, CH₄ emissions were significantly and positively correlated with water depth and soil temperature (P<0.01), while being negatively correlated with NH₄⁺-N value of topsoil (P<0.05). The aggregate emission of N₂O and CH₄in the CO₂ equivalent (GWP) for the 100-year horizon of each treatment and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI, defined as yield scaled GWP at the 100-year horizon) were also calculated. The N230_UHD treatment increased GWP in the 100-year horizon, while the other treatments decreased the GWP, with a 32.2% reduction for N230_UF, a 34.9% reduction for N230_CF+U, a 37.2% reduction for N230_OF+U, a 37.7% reduction for N190_CF+U+K, a 47.9% reduction for N230_CF+UA compared to N270_CF+U. The N230_CF+UA, N230_OF+U, N230_UF and N190_CF+U+K treatments performed the best in reducing GHGI, and particularly the N230_CF+UA and N230_OF+U treatments decreased GHGI by more than 40%, may be the better agricultural practice for both trace gas mitigation and increasing crop yields.

Key words： paddy field nitrogen fertilizer CH₄ N₂O GWP GHGI

Received: 08 October 2016

PACS:	X511
	X16

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	JIANG Shan-shan
	PANG Bing-kun
	ZHANG Jing-sha
	JIANG Jing-yan

Cite this article:

JIANG Shan-shan,PANG Bing-kun,ZHANG Jing-sha等. Effects of reduced nitrogen and combined application of different fertilizers on CH₄and N₂O emissions in paddy fields[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(5): 1741-1750.

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http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/EN/ OR http://manu36.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_zghjkx/EN/Y2017/V37/I5/1741

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