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| Study on health risk assessment of aromatic hydrocarbons from a typical oil refinery in Pearl River Delta, China |
| CHEN Dan1,2, ZHANG Zhi-juan2,3, GAO Fei-long1,2, LI Qin-qin1,2, GU Ying-gang2,3, WANG Bo-guang1,2,3,4 |
1. Institute for Environment and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
2. Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
3. Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Guangzhou 510632, China;
4. Research Center on Low-carbon Economy for Guangzhou Region, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China |
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Abstract To investigate the emission characteristics of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene, o-xylene) in domestic refineries and their impact on health, the aromatic hydrocarbons around the installation facilities of a typical oil refinery in Pearl River Delta (PRD) was collected in November 2015. Then the aromatic hydrocarbons was tested using the Pre-concentration-GC-MS method. Furthermore, the USEPA's human exposure assessment model was applied to evaluate the human health risks of BTEX in the refinery. Results showed that, the concentrations of VOCs emitted from atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit (AVDU), catalytic cracking unit (CCU), methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), catalytic reforming unit (CRU), aromatic combination unit (ACU) and delayed coking unit (DCU) were (239.5±159.5) μg/m3, (149.9±36) μg/m3, (313.8±373.8) μg/m3, (136.3±12.8) μg/m3, (103.5±92) μg/m3, (116.9±102.8) μg/m3, respectively. Moreover, the risk assessment results presented that the non-carcinogenic risk indexes of BTEX ranged from 1.0×10-3~ 1.0×10-1 by inhalation exposure, and 1.0×10-9~1.0×10-7 by dermal exposure, indicating that the non-carcinogenic risk indexes of the BTEX emitted from the six facilities were all lower than 1. Thus, it suggested that there was no significant effect on the human health considering the non-carcinogenic risk. On the other hand, the carcinogenic risk indexes of the BTEX were all in the range from 1.0×10-6~1.0×10-5 by inhalation exposure and 1.0×10-12~1.0×10-11 by dermal exposure. The carcinogenic risk indexes of benzene and ethylbenzene of the six facilities all exceeded the acceptable EPA human cancer risk value (1.0×10-6).The risks of dermal exposure showed the same trend as inhalation exposure, but the level was much lower than that of inhalation exposure, which accounted the total risk value of less than 0.001%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the inhalation exposure of the BTEX was the dominant pathway.
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Received: 08 October 2016
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