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| Synergetic effect of mean temperature and PM2.5 on emergency room visits for different diseases |
| ZHANG Ying1, WANG Shi-gong1, JIA Xu-wei2, FENG Xin-yuan1, HU Wen-Dong1, YANG Liu1, WANG Jia-xin1, XIAO Dan-hua1, ZHU Rong1 |
1. Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China;
2. People's Liberation Army 93544, Baoding 072655, China |
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Abstract To quantitatively evaluate the synergetic effect of ambient temperature (AT) and PM2.5 on different diseases' emergency room visits (ERVs) in Beijing. After considering some potential confounding factors, such as long term trend of time series, "day of week" effect, holiday effect, and relative humidity, the generalized additive models (GAMs) including non-stratification model, nonparametric bivariate response model and temperature-stratified parametric model, were used to analyze the exposure-effect relationship between PM2.5 and ERVs in different temperature conditions from 2009 to 2011 in Beijing. The results showed that, the health effect of PM2.5 significantly enhanced under higher temperature with the temperature stratification critical value increasing. The exposure-response relationship between PM2.5 and ERVs appeared most significant when 28℃ was chosen as a critical value. The effect estimates per 10μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 corresponding to 0.15% (95% confidence interval (CI):0.11%, 0.19%), 0.35%(95%CI:0.26%, 0.44%) and 0.34%(95%CI:0.09%, 0.59%) increase of total, respiratory and cardiovascular ERVs on high temperature (>28℃), respectively. However, there was no statistical significance when the temperature was less than 28℃. It means that there was a synergistic strengthening effect of high temperature and PM2.5 on public health in Beijing.
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Received: 12 January 2017
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