Using nature gas and air source heat pumps (ASHP) to replace the household coals and coal-fired boilers for heating was proposed in this study. The primary energy efficiencies, pollutant emission reductions and economic viability of different heating systems were calculated and analyzed based on Jing-Jin-Ji Region's scenario. The results showed that the primary energy efficiencies of the nature gas-based and ASHP-based heating systems could be improved by 31and 44percentage points, respectively, comparing to the original coal-based heating system. The emissions of the main pollutants could be significantly reduced. Specifically, the nature gas-based heating system and ASHP-based heating system could decrease the PM, SO₂ and NO_x emissions by 74.6, 332.6, 80.6 thousand tons, and 74.8, 332.1, 93.6thousand tons, respectively. The economic performance revealed that though the initial investment costs of ASHP-based heating system were greater than that of nature gas-based heating system, the annualized fuel costs were much lower. Besides, the specific costs of the pollutant emission mitigations of the nature gas-based heating system were 14.2 Chinese Yuan/kg higher than ASHP-based heating system, meaning that the ASHP-based heating system features better comprehensive performance as compared with the nature gas-based heating system.