Based on the data of statistical yearbook of Shanxi Province, the gray-water footprint theory was applied to analyzing the agricultural grey water footprint and efficiency of Fenhe River basin around 2010 (2000~2016). The results showed that the agricultural grey water footprint of Fenhe River basin generally increased, and then decreased, finally slowly increased. The maximum value was 1.30×10¹⁰m³ in 2004. The minimum value was 9.20×10⁹m³ in 2012. The agricultural grey water footprint was mainly composed of livestock raising grey water footprint; However, the percentage reduced after 2010. After 2010, the annual average of agricultural grey water footprint reduced 15%, which indicated that the water quality of Fenhe River had been significantly improved. However, relevant policies should be formulated to reduce the emission of pollutants. The crop planting grey water footprint increased 8%, which indicated that the utilization rate of fertilizers was increasing. The government should support the use of organic fertilizers and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. Among these 34 counties, Wenshui showed obvious change with an increasing of 43%, among which livestock grey water footprint increased by 52% year-on-year. Therefore, the government should focus on the treatment and resource utilization of livestock excrements in Wenshui country. The efficiency of agricultural grey water footprint kept stable at first, and then rapid increased, finally decreased; The maximum value was 1.32yuan/m³, appeared at 2012. The annual average of agricultural grey water footprint efficiency obviously enhanced after 2010. The number of backward agriculture areas was decreased by 6.