Eight sediment samples were collected in Daliao River. The composition and distribution characteristics of microplastics in this study were studied by density flotation method combined with stereo microscope and μ-FTIR. The results showed that the average abundance of microplastics in sediments was (66.67±79.93) items/kg. DL5, located in AnShan Hai Cheng city, had the highest abundance of (193.33±172.43) items/kg; DL6, located in Liuhao, town of Liaoyang country had the lowest abundance of (20±34.64) items/kg. The main colors of microplastics were white, black and yellow (83.75%). The main shapes of microplastics were fiber, film and debris (91.25%). The main particle size of microplastics were 1000~2000μm (33.75%). It can be concluded that the main components of film microplastics were polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), the main component of the debris microplastics were polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP),the main components of foams and particles was polystyrene (PS), and the main components of fibers were Rayon(RY) and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET). On the whole, the abundance of microplastics in sediments of Daliao River is at a moderately low level. The results can provide basic and scientific data for the study on the pollution distribution of microplastics in sediments of freshwater rivers in China.