南水北调中线干渠生态系统结构与功能分析

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Abstract A mass-balance food web model was constructed with Ecopath with Ecosim 6.6according to the field data collected in the main channel of the middle route of south-to-north water diversion project (MSNWDP) from 2015 to 2019. Generally, 18 functional groups were consisted in the Ecopath model which includes primary producers, primary consumers, main species of fishes as well as organic detritus. The results showed that the total system throughput, total production and total consumption of the ecosystem is 19186.330, 8947.857 and 1106.002 (t/(km²·a)) respectively, the food web is mainly composed of four integrated trophic level (1.00~3.71) with the yellowcheek carp (Elopichthys bambusa) occupied the highest trophic level (3.71). Two pathways of energy flow were found including grazing pathway and detrital pathway. Despite the same amount of energy flow through these two pathways, the efficiency of grazing pathway is nearly twice as high as that of detrital pathway. The analysis of mixed trophic impacts (MIT) showed negative effects of predators on prey groups in the ecosystem, positive effects of the increasing detrital biomass on most functional groups, and negative effects of the small pelagic fishes on the biomass of zooplankton. With regard to the niche overlap between functional groups, the niche overlap of predators is not that common with moderate overlap index, the niche overlap index of some carnivorous fishes is approaching 1. The comprehensive analysis of multiple indices, including total primary production/total respiration (P/R), total gross primary production/total biomass (P/B), Finn's cycling index (FCI) and Finn's mean path length (FML), showed that the ecosystem is in its juvenile stage, with poor ability to resist external disturbance. Moreover, the utilization rate of primary productivity of the ecosystem is quite low, and large amount of nutrients do not flow into the higher trophic level for circulation which will slow down the system energy flow. Therefore, based on the theory of bio-manipulation, optimization of the fish community structure was thus suggested to enhance the utilization efficiency of the system's primary productivity, to promote material circulation and energy flow, as well as to maintain the stability of the ecosystem.

Key words： water diversion project food web model nutrient transfer efficiency artificial ecosystem

Received: 09 May 2020

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X171.1

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	TANG Jian-feng
	XIAO Xin-zong
	WANG Ying-cai
	HU Sheng
	WANG Yuan

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TANG Jian-feng,XIAO Xin-zong,WANG Ying-cai等. Ecosystem structure and function of the main channel of the middle route of south-north water diversion project[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(12): 5391-5402.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2020/V40/I12/5391

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