模拟酸雨下铅锌冶炼废渣重金属的静态释放特征

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Abstract The static 22 days leaching experiments of simulated acid rain with different initial pH values (3.0, 4.5, 5.6 and 7.0) were carried out to study the dynamic release of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and their chemical speciation changes and mineral phase transformation in wastewater neutralization slag from a lead-zinc smelting plant in Zhuzhou city. The results showed that the slag had strong acid buffering potential, and there was slight change in the leachate pH value (6.20~6.66). The release of Cu and Pb was fast at the initial immersion stage of 0.5d, and Cd and Zn released slowly. The concentration of Cd in leachate was increased with the increase in leaching time and that of Zn was sharply fluctuated, while the concentrations of Cu and Pb was changed slightly during the leaching process. The concentration of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in leachate was 1.38~8.70, 0~0.02, 1.21~2.26 and 27.2~135mg/L, respectively. The concentration of Cd, Pb and Zn was 26.6~173,1.42~3.52 and 17.1~89.0 times higher than corresponding heavy metal threshold limit of emission standard of pollutants for lead and zinc industry (GB 25466~2010), respectively. The higher concentrations of Cd and Zn in leachates were in consistent with their higher content of active forms in slag based on BCR sequential extraction analysis. The transformation of residual fraction Cd and Pb to more active fraction was promoted by acid rain. XRD analysis showed that the mineral phases of Cd and Zn was disappeared, and the spectrum peak of PbSO₄ in slag was enhanced after 22 days leaching by acid rain of pH 3.0, indicating that the release of heavy metals in slag was affected by their existing mineral phases and the formation of secondary minerals. The release efficiency of heavy metals was followed as Cd (2.50%~15.8%) > Zn (0.41%~2.13%) > Pb (0.06%~0.10%) > Cu (0.0003%~0.11%). The results suggested that Cd, Pb and Zn in slag leached by acid rain could pose great environmental risks and need pollution control.

Key words： neutralization slag acid rain heavy metal release mineral phase

Received: 12 April 2021

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X705

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	YANG An-di
	XIAO Xi-yuan
	GUO Zhao-hui
	PENG Chi
	LIU Ling-qing

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YANG An-di,XIAO Xi-yuan,GUO Zhao-hui等. Static release characteristics of heavy metals from lead-zinc smelting slag leached by simulated acid rain[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(12): 5755-5763.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2021/V41/I12/5755

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