|
|
Analysis of potential sources of PM2.5 in Linfen based on multi-site hybrid receptor model |
WANG Yan1, GAO Xing-ai1, PEI Kun-ning1, SUN Hong-ping2, YAN Shi-ming1, GUO Wei1, WANG Xiao-lan1, JIANG Yun-sheng1 |
1. Shanxi Province Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Taiyuan 030002, China; 2. Shanxi Weather Modification and Lightning Protection Technical Center, Taiyuan 030002, China |
|
|
Abstract This paper used the PM2.5 concentration data of multiple sites in the heavily polluted city Linfen from 2018 to 2019 to study the PM2.5 concentration characteristics, spatial autocorrelation and agglomeration patterns in different seasons, and finally analyzed the potential source area of PM2.5 by introducing multi-site receptor model. The study found that the PM2.5 pollution in Linfen mainly concentrated at 8 sites in the Linfen Basin, including Yaodu, Xiangfen, Hongtong, Huozhou, Houma, Guxian,Quwo and Yicheng. The annual average concentration of PM2.5 exceeded 50μg/m3, and the average concentration in winter exceeded 100μg/m3. The spatial distribution characteristic of PM2.5 closely related to the topography, and the eight sites in the Linfen Basin had a high degree of spatial autocorrelation. The high PM2.5 concentration areas(high-high clustering) were mainly concentrated in the basin. Pollution in neighboring counties was an important reason for the high PM2.5 concentration in the main urban area of Linfen. Combined with the multi-site mixed receptor model(MS-PSCF and MS-CWT), we analyzed the potential source areas of Linfen and found that the potential sources of Linfen in spring were mainly concentrated in the northeast,southwest and southeast, most of which were medium and long distance transmission; In summer, the potential sources were significantly lower than the other three seasons, mainly in the east; The potential sources in autumn were mainly concentrated in some areas in the southwest; The potential sources in winter were mainly concentrated in the southeast and southwest and the close area in the north of Linfen. Except for summer, the common potential source area for the other three seasons was central and southern Shaanxi(located in the southwest), and the PSCF values all exceed 0.7, indicating that the probability of pollution in Linfen exceeded 70% during the southwest wind.
|
Received: 12 August 2021
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
Pope C A.Epidemiology of fine particulate air pollution and human health:biologic mechanisms and who's at risk?[J].Environmental Health Perspectives,2000,108:713-723.
|
[2] |
阚海东,陈秉衡.我国大气颗粒物暴露与人群健康效应的关系[J].环境与健康,2002,19(6):422-424.Kan H D,Chen B H.Analysis of exposure-response relationships of air particulate matter and adverse health outcomes in China[J].Journal of Environment and Health,2002,19(6):422-424.
|
[3] |
Hong C,Zhang Q,Zhang Y,et al.Impacts of climate change on future air quality and human health in China[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2019,116:17193-17200.
|
[4] |
Lang J L,Zhou Y,Chen D S,et al.Investigating the contribution of shipping emissions to atmospheric PM2.5 using a combined source apportionment approach[J].Environmental Pollution,2017,229:557-566.
|
[5] |
Peng W,Cheng S,Li J,et al.Impact of boundary-layer anticyclonic weather system on regional air quality[J].Atmospheric Environment,2011,45(14):2453-2463.
|
[6] |
Han Y J,Holsen T M,Hopke P K.Estimation of source locations of total gaseous mercury measured in New York State using trajectory-based models[J].Atmospheric Environment,2007,41(28):6033-6047.
|
[7] |
Kabashnikov V P,Chaikovsky A P,Kucsera T L,et al.Estimated accuracy of three common trajectory statistical methods[J].Atmospheric Environment,2011,45:5425-5430.
|
[8] |
Cheng I,Zhang L,Blanchard P,et al.Concentration-weighted trajectory approach to identifying potential sources of speciated atmospheric mercury at an urban coastal site in Nova Scotia,Canada[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussion,2013,13(2):6031-6048.
|
[9] |
Ashbaugh L L.A statistical trajectory technique for determining air pollution source regions[J].Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association,1983,33(11):1096-1098.
|
[10] |
Poirot R L,Wishinski P R.Visibility,sulfate and air mass history associated with the summertime aerosol in northern Vermont[J].Atmospheric Environment,1967,20(7):1457-1469.
|
[11] |
Keeler G J,Samson P J.Spatial representativeness of trace element ratios[J].Environmental Science & Technology,1989,23(11):1358-1364.
|
[12] |
Zhou L,Hopke P K,Liu W.Comparison of two trajectory based models for locating particle sources for two rural New York sites[J].Atmospheric Environment,2004,38(13):1955-1963.
|
[13] |
Stohl A.Trajectory statistics-A new method to establish sourcereceptor relationships of air pollutants and its application to the transport of particulate sulfate in Europe[J].Atmospheric Environment,1996,30(4):0-587.
|
[14] |
Hsu Y K,Holsen T M,Hopke P K.Comparison of hybrid receptor models to locate PCB sources in Chicago[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37(4):545-562.
|
[15] |
Ashbaugh L L,Malm W C,Sadeh W Z.A residence time probability analysis of sulfur concentrations at grand Canyon National Park[J].Atmospheric Environment,1985,19(8):1263-1270.
|
[16] |
Zeng Y,Hopke P K.A study of the sources of acid precipitation in Ontario,Canada[J].Atmospheric Environment,1989,23(7):1499-1509.
|
[17] |
闫世明,王雁,郭伟,等.太原市秋冬季大气污染特征和输送路径及潜在源区分析[J].环境科学,2019,40(11):4801-4809.Yan S M,Wang Y,Guo W,et al.Characteristics,transportation,pathways,and potential sources of air pollution during Autumn and Winter in Taiyuan[J].Environmental Science,2019,40(11):4801-4809.
|
[18] |
闫世明,王雁,张岳军,等.五台山春季气溶胶传输特征[J].中国环境科学,2020,40(2):497-505.Yan S M,Wang Y,ZhangY J,et al.Influence of pollutant transport from both sides of Taihang Mountain on cross valley urban aerosol[J].China Environmental Science,2020,(2):497-505.
|
[19] |
Han Y J,Kim T S,Kim H.Ionic constituents and source analysis of PM2.5 in three Korean cities[J].Atmospheric Environment,2008,42(19):4735-4746.
|
[20] |
Jain C D,Singh V,Akhil R S T,et al.Local emission and long-range transport impacts on the CO,CO2,and CH4 concentrations at a tropical rural site[J].Atmospheric Environment,254:118397.
|
[21] |
王雁,郭伟,闫世明,等.太行山两侧污染物传输对横谷城市气溶胶的影响分析[J].环境科学,2021,42(9):4104-4115.Wang Y,Guo W,Yan S M,et al.Influence of pollutant transport from both sides of Taihang Mountain on cross valley urban aerosol[J].Environmental Science,2021,42(9):4104-4115.
|
[22] |
Cheng M D,Lin C J.Receptor modeling for smoke of 1998biomass burning in Central America[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2001,106:22871-22886.
|
[23] |
Hsu Y K.The use of receptor models to locate atmospheric pollutant sources:polychlorinated biphenyls in Chicago[Z].Potsdam:Clarkson University,2001.
|
[24] |
Watson J G,Chen L W A,Chow J C,et al.Source apportionment:findings from the U.S.supersites program[J].Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association,2008,58:265-288.
|
[25] |
Draxler R R,Hess G D.Description of the HYSPLIT 4modelling system[R].Sliver Spring,Maryland:NOAA,Air Resources Laboratory,1997.
|
[26] |
HJ 817-2018环境空气颗粒物(PM10和PM2.5)连续自动监测系统运行和质控技术规范[S].HJ 817-2018 Technical specifications for operation and quality control of continuous automatic monitoring system for ambient air particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5)[S].
|
[27] |
Öztürk F,Zararsız A,Dutkiewicz V A,et al.Temporal variations and sources of Eastern Mediterranean aerosols based on a 9-year observation[J].Atmospheric Environment,2012,61:463-475.
|
[28] |
Polissar A,Hopke P.Source regions for atmospheric aerosol measured at Barrow,Alaska[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2001,35(21):4214-4226.
|
[29] |
Choi H D,Holsen T M,Hopke P K.Atmospheric mercury (Hg) in the adirondacks:Concentrations and sources[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2008,42(15):5644-5653.
|
[30] |
Yu H,Feng J L,Su X F,et al.A seriously air pollution area affected by anthropogenic in the central China:temporal-spatial distribution and potential sources[J].Environmental Geochemistry and Health,2020,doi:10.1007/s10653-020-00558-7.
|
[31] |
Liu W,Hopke P K,Han Y J,et al.Application of receptor modeling to atmospheric constituents at Potsdam and Stockton,NY[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37(36):4997-5007.
|
[32] |
Fang C L,Wang Z B,Xu G.The spatial distribution of PM2.5 in urban agglomerations in China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2016,26(11):1519-1532.
|
[33] |
Yan D,Lei Y,Shi Y,et al.Evolution of the spatiotemporal pattern of PM2.5 concentrations in China-A case study from the Beijing-TianjinHebei region[J].Atmospheric Environment,2018,183:225-233.
|
[34] |
Shen Y,Zhang L,Fang X,et al.Spatiotemporal patterns of recent PM2.5 concentrations over typical urban agglomerations in China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2019,655:13-26.
|
[35] |
Moran P.The interpretation of statistical maps[J].Journal of the Royal Statistical Society B,1948,37:243-251.
|
[36] |
Anselin L.Local indicators of spatial association-LISA[J].Geographical Analysis,1995,27:93-115.
|
[37] |
黄小刚,赵景波,孙从建,等.汾渭平原PM2.5空间分布的地形效应[J].环境科学,2021,42(10):4582-4592.Huang X G,Zhao J B,Sun C J,et al.Orographic influences on the spatial distribution of pm on fenwei plain[J].Environmental Science,2021,42(10):4582-4592.
|
[38] |
Fang C L,Mao Q Z,Ni P F.Discussion on the scientific selection and development of China's urban agglomerations[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70:515-527.
|
[39] |
Fang C L,Yu D L.Urban agglomeration:an evolving concept of an emerging phenomenon[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,162:126-136.
|
[40] |
HJ633-2012环境空气质量指数(AQI)技术规定(试行)[S].HJ633-2012 Technical regulations on ambient air quality index (AQI)(trial)[S].
|
|
|
|