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Optical properties and radiative forcing contribution of brown carbon in Xi'an during winter |
QU Yao1,2, LIU Hui-kun1, ZHOU Yue1, ZHANG Yong1, SHI Ying-qiang3, SHI Ju-lian3, WANG Nan3, ZHU Chong-shu1,2 |
1. Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; 2. National Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain, Xi'an 710061, China; 3. Earth Environment Innovation Research Institute of Xi'an, Xi'an 710061, China |
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Abstract To investigate the light absorption coefficient (babs) and radiative forcing of primary and secondary brown carbon (BrCpri and BrCsec) during winter haze and clean days in Xi'an, Aethalometer (AE33) was used to obtain the babs of PM2.5 from 15th December 2015 to 31st January 2016, the absorption Ångström exponent(AAE) and radiation forcing relative to black carbon (BC) of BrCpri and BrCsecwere further analyzed. The results showed that the mean values of babs(370) and babs(880) were (733±311)Mm-1 and (185±80)Mm-1in haze days, those were 5.9 and 6.2 times higher than that in clean days, respectively. The AAEs of PM2.5 varied from1.08 to 2.09 in clean days, which showed higher amplitude than those in haze days (1.28~1.79). The contributions of babs(BrC) to total babsat 370 nm in clean days were higher than those in haze days (>30%). High contributions of babs(BrCpri) to babs(BrC) in clean days (76%~86%) and haze days (82%~91%) indicated that the primary emissions were the important causes of severe air pollution during wintertime in Xi'an. The AAEs values of BrC(4.42), BrCpri(4.31) and BrCsec(4.78) in clean days were higher than those in haze days, which may be attributed to the smaller equivalent diameter and higher aging of PM2.5 in clean days. The results indicated the dominance of the aqueous reactions mechanism for BrCsec formation before the sunrise during polluted days. After sunrise, the bleaching of BrCsec chromophores through oxidative processes was of more importance in polluted days than that in clean days. The relative radiative forcing of BrCpri and BrCsec to BC(300~400nm) were 59% and 23% in clean days, while those were 62% and 16% in haze days, respectively. The results underlined the radiative forcing of BrCpri and BrCsec in winter.
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Received: 16 March 2022
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