基于卫星观测的2010~2020年中国高分辨率NH<sub>3</sub>排放特征

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Abstract Based on the IASI satellite observation from 2010 to 2020, the NH₃ emissions in China (with a resolution of 0.25°×0.25°) were estimated by the emission flux method. The spatiotemporal distributions as well as the long-term trends of NH₃ emissions were analyzed. The results showed that the average annual emission and the overall emission intensity of NH₃ in China from 2018 to 2020 were 18.61 Mt and 1.93t/km², respectively. The NH₃ emissions in China increased from 12.68Mt in 2010 to 20.75Mt in 2020, with a linear growth rate of 815.10kt/a and a relative growth rate of 5.43%/a. Meanwhile, the proportion of the area with emission intensity exceeding 3.00t/km² to the total land area of China increased from 4.88% to 20.08%. Areas with high emission intensity were mainly located in the North China Plain and the Chengdu-Chongqing area. Seasonal variation of the NH₃ emissions is remarkable. The emissions in spring, summer, autumn, and winter respectively accounted for 25.92%, 36.55%, 19.61%, and 17.92% of the total annual emission. Three main patterns were observed based on the monthly variation of NH₃ emissions: (1) Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and parts of northeast and northwest China, where animal husbandry is the main sector, showed a two-peaks pattern (with peaks in winter and summer); (2) Fujian, Taiwan, and a majority part of South China, where double cropping is dominated, also showed a two-peaks pattern (with peaks in spring and summer);(3) A single-peak pattern (with the peak in summer) was found in the rest regions of China. The growth of NH₃ emission in the North China Plain was the fastest, followed by the Chengdu-Chongqing area, while in the northeast, northwest, and southwest regions except Chengdu-Chongqing area, the growth was relatively slow. Non-agricultural sources such as industry and transportation sectors have become more important in contributing to the NH₃ emission in China. The industrial NH₃ escape and vehicle emissions may be the main reasons for the rapid growth of NH₃ emissions in China in recent years. Considering NH₃ is one of the main sources of PM_2.5, it is suggested to consider the spatiotemporal differences of NH₃ emissions in relevant policy-making for PM_2.5 pollution control.

Key words： ammonia emission satellite remote sensing PM_2.5 pollution temporal and spatial distribution long-term trend

Received: 28 October 2022

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	CHEN Pei-lin
	XIAO Xin-xin
	WANG Qin-geng

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CHEN Pei-lin,XIAO Xin-xin,WANG Qin-geng. High-resolution characteristics of NH₃ emission from 2010 to 2020 in China based on satellite observation[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(6): 2673-2682.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2023/V43/I6/2673

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