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| Research progress on heavy metal migration model at watershed scale |
| LIU Lian-hua1, ZHANG Qing-wen1, WANG Yi-di2, GU Xiang3 |
1. Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
3. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China |
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Abstract This paper elucidated the main sources, migration mechanisms of heavy metals in the watershed and reviewed the characteristics of commonly used empirical and mechanistic models. The advantages and disadvantages of common-used models were compared synthetically. Results showed that, heavy metal migration models have been improved from the empirical models with simple linear or nonlinear to the mechanism models with the migration and transformation with hydrological and soil erosion processes. The applicability of heavy metal migration models is gradually expanding, and the simulation accuracy is constantly improving, which play an important role in the simulation of heavy metal loadings and water quality prediction. Empirical models require fewer basic data and have relatively simple calculation processes, making them suitable for rough evaluation of heavy metal loadings in the watersheds with limited data. Mechanism models require many high-accuracy data, and have complex model structures, which can achieve the detailed simulation of heavy metal migration processes. The authors proposed outlook on the development of multiple model coupling, the mechanism research of different migration paths, and the identification analysis of heavy metal pollution tracing. Achieving these prospects will provide scientific support for the application, improvement, and source identification of heavy metal pollution at watershed scale.
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Received: 05 January 2023
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