中国城市PM<sub>2.5</sub>污染暴露不平等及其驱动因素——基于Theil指数和LMDI分解

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Abstract Focused on the main air pollutant PM_2.5, this study specifically utilized population-weighted concentration from 2015 to 2021 to create an index of PM_2.5 exposure in Chinese cities. We then measured the inequality of pollution exposure using the GINI coefficient and Theil index, decomposing it by city administrative level and province. Finally, the logarithmic mean Divisia index model (LMDI) was selected to analyze the driving factors of PM_2.5 exposure and inequality, investigating the socio-economic factors behind their changes. Our finding showed that GINI coefficient remained within 0.2 and decreased over time, implying PM_2.5 exposure inequality in China was mild. Inequality in pollution exposure was not observed between cities with different administrative levels, but more prominent among provinces. In general, the pollution exposure by unit source and the energy-saving effect of government green expenditure were the main inhibiting factors of PM_2.5, which contributed more than 60% to the pollution exposure level, while government expenditure structure, government expenditure scale, economic development, and population factors increased PM_2.5 exposure. However, each factor was heterogeneous among cities at different levels. Over time, inhibitors to pollution inequality, such as pollution exposure by unit source and the energy-saving effect of government green expenditure were weakened, which posed challenges to the pollution control strategy mainly relying on green energy. Based on our findings, we recommended that government should play a more active role in reducing PM_2.5 exposure levels and achieving more equalization of environmental public services.

Key words： air quality pollution exposure environmental inequality Theil index dynamic decomposition analysis PM_2.5

Received: 08 June 2023

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X513

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	MA Ben
	QIN Lu
	XIA Tian-chen

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MA Ben,QIN Lu,XIA Tian-chen. Inequality of PM_2.5 exposure and its driving factors in China: Based on Theil index and LMDI decomposition[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(1): 555-566.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V44/I1/555

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