典型重工业城市PM<sub>2.5</sub>化学组成特征及来源解析

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (1263 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract In this study, the mass concentrations of carbon components and water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_2.5 were monitored in real time in Handan urban area in 2019. We analyzed the variation characteristics of PM_2.5 components for the whole year of 2019. And the evolutions of PM_2.5 and its components under different pollutions conditions were mainly discussed. Meanwhile, the positive matrix factorization and backward trajectory model were used to explore the sources of PM_2.5 and its components. The results showed that the monthly and daily variation characteristics of OC and EC in PM_2.5 in Handan City during the research period are similar. The seasonal concentration of water-soluble inorganic ions was winter>autumn>spring>summer, NO₃^-, SO₄^2- and NH₄⁺ were the main water-soluble inorganic ion components, which were significantly correlated with PM_2.5 in different seasons. PM_2.5 in Handan City was slightly alkaline during the study period. NH₄⁺ were primarily in (NH₄)₂SO₄, NH₄NO₃ and NH₄Cl forms in PM_2.5. OC, EC, and secondary inorganic ions increased on PM_2.5-polluted days and O₃^-polluted days. With the aggravation of pollution levels in winter, the mass concentrations of carbon components and water-soluble ions increased with the increase of PM_2.5, the percentage of OC and EC decreased, the percentage of SO₄^2- and NO₃^- increased, and the SOR and NOR increased gradually. Through the iterative calculation of PMF, the main potential sources of PM_2.5 were determined, which were second generation, traffic-related source and combustion source. The backward trajectory results revealed that Handan is mainly affected by the transmission from northern Henan, northwestern Shandong, central Shanxi and southern Hebei. This study will provide the important scientific theoretical bases for the prevention and control of air pollution in heavy industrial cities.

Key words： PM_2.5 carbon components water-soluble ions pollution characteristics source apportionment

Received: 18 November 2023

PACS:

X513

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	QI Chao-nan
	QI Peng
	ZHANG Yi-ling

Cite this article:

QI Chao-nan,QI Peng,ZHANG Yi-ling. Chemical composition and source apportionment of PM_2.5 in typical heavy industrial cities[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(6): 2994-3003.

URL:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V44/I6/2994

[1] 张小曳,孙俊英,王亚强,等.我国雾-霾成因及其治理的思考[J].科学通报, 2013,58(13):1178-1187. Zhang X Y, Sun J Y, Wang Y Q, et al. Factors contributing to haze and fog in China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2013,58(13):1178-1187.
[2] Calvo A I, Alves C, Castro A, et al. Research on aerosol sources and chemical composition:Past, current and emerging issues[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2013,120:1-28.
[3] 孙佳傧,董喆,李利萍,等.洛阳市大气细颗粒物化学组分特征及溯源分析[J].环境科学, 2021,42(12):5624-5632. Sun J B, Dong Z, Li L P, et al. Characteristics of chemical composition and source apportionment of atmospheric fine particulate matter in Luoyang[J]. Environmental Science, 2021,42(12):5624-5632.
[4] Ke Y, Wang H L, Wu Z H, et al. Quantifying the pollution characteristics of chemical components in PM_2.5in the North China Plain, China:Spatiotemporal variation and health risk[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2023,307.
[5] Liu H J, Tian H Z, Zhang K, et al. Seasonal variation, formation mechanisms and potential sources of PM_2.5 in two typical cities in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019,657:657-670.
[6] Chen C R, Zhang H X, Li H Y, et al. Chemical characteristics and source apportionment of ambient PM₁ and PM_2.5 in a polluted city in North China plain[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2020,242.
[7] Guo J, Wang H Y, Liu S J, et al. Chemical Characteristics and Source Apportionment of PM_2.5 in Western Industrial Region of Jinan[J]. Atmosphere, 2023,864.
[8] 段文娇,周颖,李纪峰,等.邯郸市区PM_2.5污染特征及来源解析[J].中国环境科学, 2019,39(10):4108-4116. Duan W J, Zhou Y, Li J F, et al. PM_2.5 pollution characteristics and source apportionment in Handan urban area[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(10):4108-4116.
[9] 罗干,王体健,赵明,等.基于在线监测的南京仙林PM_2.5组分特征与来源解析[J].中国环境科学, 2020,40(5):1857-1868. Luo G, Wang C, Zhao M, et al. Chemical composition and source apportionment of fine particulate matter in Xianlin area of Nanjing basing on-line measurement[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020, 40(5):1857-1868.
[10] Luo L N, Bai X X, Lv Y Q, et al. Exploring the driving factors of haze events in Beijing during Chinese New Year holidays in 2020and 2021under the influence of COVID-19pandemic[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2023,859.
[11] Wang H L, Qiao L P, Lou S R, et al. Chemical composition of PM_2.5and meteorological impact among three years in urban Shanghai, China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016,112:1302-1311.
[12] Dai H, Liao H, Li K, et al. Composited analyses of the chemical and physical characteristics of co-polluted days by ozone and PM_2.5 over 2013~2020 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region[J]. Atmos Chem Phys, 2023,23(1):23-39.
[13] 王申博,余雪,赵庆炎,等.郑州市两次典型大气重污染过程成因分析[J].中国环境科学, 2018,38(7):2425-2431. Wang S B, Yu X, Zhao Q Y, et al. Analysis of the formation of two typical atmospheric heavy pollution episodes in Zhengzhou, China[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(7):2425-2431.
[14] Paatero P, Tapper U. Analysis of different modes of factor-analysis as least-squares fit problems[J]. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 1993,18(2):183-194.
[15] Zabalza J, Ogulei D, Hopke P K, et al. Concentration and sources of PM₁₀ and its constituents in Alsasua, Spain[J]. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 2006,174(1-4):385-404.
[16] Paatero P, Hopke P K, Song X H, et al. Understanding and controlling rotations in factor analytic models[J]. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 2002,60(1/2):253-264.
[17] Wang Y Q, Zhang X Y, Draxler R R. TrajStat:GIS-based software that uses various trajectory statistical analysis methods to identify potential sources from long-term air pollution measurement data[J]. Environmental Modelling&Software, 2009,24(8):938-939.
[18] 张毓秀,任万辉,王嘉禾,等.沈阳市冬季不同污染程度PM_2.5中OC和EC污染特征[J].中国环境科学, 2021,41(7):3066-3075. Zhang Y X, Ren W H, Wang J H, et al. Characteristics of organic carbon and elemental carbon under different pollution levels of PM_2.5 during winter in Shenyang[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021, 41(7):3066-3075.
[19] 薛凡利,牛红亚,武振晓,等.邯郸市PM_2.5中碳组分的污染特征及来源分析[J].中国环境科学, 2020,40(5):1885-1894. Xue F L, Niu H Y, Wu Z X, et al. Pollution characteristics and sources of carbon components in PM_2.5 in Handan City[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(5):1885-1894.
[20] Bond T C, Doherty S J, Fahey D W, et al. Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system:A scientific assessment[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 2013,118(11):5380-5552.
[21] 桂佳群,杨员,王显钦,等.贵阳市花溪城区大气PM_2.5中碳质气溶胶的变化特征及来源解析[J].环境科学, 2024,45(3):1337-1348. Gui J Q, Yang Y, Wang X Q, et al. Characteristics and source analysis of carbonaceous aerosols in PM_2.5 in Huaxi district, Guiyang[J]. Environmental Science, 2024,45(3):1337-1348.
[22] Castro L M, Pio C A, Harrison R M, et al. Carbonaceous aerosol in urban and rural European atmospheres:estimation of secondary organic carbon concentrations[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1999, 33(17):2771-2781.
[23] Turpin B J, Lim H J. Species contributions to PM_2.5 mass concentrations:Revisiting common assumptions for estimating organic mass[J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2001,35(1):602-610.
[24] 程萌田,金鑫,温天雪,等.天津市典型城区大气碳质颗粒物的粒径分布特征和来源[J].环境科学研究, 2013,26(2):115-121. Cheng M T, Jin X, Wen T X, et al. Size distribution characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols in typical Tianjin city, China[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2013,26(2):115-121.
[25] Ye B M, Ji X L, Yang H Z, et al. Concentration and chemical composition of PM_2.5 in Shanghai for a 1-year period[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2003,37(4):499-510.
[26] 贺博文,聂赛赛,王帅,等.承德市PM_2.5中碳质组分的季节分布特征及来源解析[J].环境科学, 2021,42(11):5152-5161. He B W, Nie S S, Wang S, et al. Seasonal distribution characteristics and source analysis of carbonaceous fraction in PM_2.5 in Chengde[J]. Environmental Science, 2021,42(11):5152-5161.
[27] Li K J, Talifu D, Gao B, et al. Temporal distribution and source apportionment of composition of ambient PM_2.5 in Urumqi, North-West China[J]. Atmosphere, 2022,781.
[28] 周一鸣,韩珣,王瑾瑾,等.南京春季北郊地区大气PM_2.5中主要化学组分及碳同位素特征[J].环境科学, 2018,39(10):4439-4445. Zhou Y M, Han X, Wang J J, et al. Chemical constitution and carbon isotopic compositions of PM_2.5 in the northern suburb of Nanjing in spring[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,39(10):4439-4445.
[29] 张蒙,韩力慧,刘保献,等.北京市冬季重污染期间PM_2.5及其组分演变特征[J].中国环境科学, 2020,40(7):2829-2838. Zhang M, Han L H, Liu B X, et al. Evolution of PM_2.5 and its components during heavy pollution episodes in winter in Beijing[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(7):2829-2838.
[30] Andreae M O. Soot carbon and excess fine potassium-long-rang transport of combustion-driven aerosols[J]. Science, 1983,220(4602):1148-1151.
[31] Liu J, Wu D, Fan S J, et al. A one-year, on-line, multi-site observational study on water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_2.5 over the Pearl River Delta region, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017,601:1720-1732.
[32] Ming L L, Jin L, Li J, et al. PM_2.5 in the Yangtze River Delta, China:Chemical compositions, seasonal variations, and regional pollution events[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017,223:200-212.
[33] Bao Z E, Zhang X Y, Li Q, et al. Measurement report:Intensive biomass burning emissions and rapid nitrateformation drive severe haze formation in the Sichuan Basin, China-insights from aerosol mass spectrometry[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2023, 23(2):1147-1167.
[34] Wang X Q, Wei W, Cheng S Y, et al. Characteristics of PM_2.5and SNA components and meteorological factors impact on air pollution through 2013~2017 in Beijing, China[J]. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2019,10(6):1976-1984.
[35] 韩力慧,时瑞芳,崔建硕,等.北京市典型区域大气亚微米颗粒物理化特性及其来源[J].中国环境科学, 2022,42(8):3522-3535. Han L H, Shi R F, Cui J S, et al. Physicochemical characteristics and sources of atmospheric submicro particulate matter at a typical area in Beijing.[J]. China Environmental Science, 2022,42(8):3522-3535.
[36] 张章,刘保献,安欣欣,等.北京市传统春节假期空气质量特征研究[J].中国环境科学, 2021,41(1):102-113. Zhang Z, Liu B X, An X X, et al. Study on air quality characteristics of Beijing traditional spring festival holiday[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(1):102-113.
[37] Qiao B Q, Chen Y, Tian M, et al. Characterization of water-soluble inorganic ions and their evolution processes during PM_2.5 pollution episodes in a small city in southwest China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019,650:2605-2613.
[38] 刘桓嘉,李岚清,李焕莉,等.新乡市大气PM_2.5中水溶性离子的污染特征,来源解析及气象影响分析[J].环境科学, 2023:1-22. Liu H J, Li L Q, Li H L, et al. Pollution characteristics, source apportionment, and meteorological response of water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 in Xinxiang, north China[J]. Environmental Science, 2023:1-22.
[39] 张棕巍,胡恭任,于瑞莲,等.厦门市大气PM_2.5中水溶性离子污染特征及来源解析[J].中国环境科学, 2016,36(7):1947-1954. Zhang Z W, Hu G R, Yu R L, et al. Characteristics and sources apportionment of water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 of Xiamen City, China[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(7):1947-1954.
[40] Wu X Y, Xin J Y, Zhang W Y, et al. Variation characteristics of air combined pollution in Beijing City[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2022, 274.
[41] Liu T Y, Duan F K, Ma Y L, et al. Classification and sources of extremely severe sandstorms mixed with haze pollution in Beijing[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2023,322.
[42] 国纪良,姬亚芹,马妍,等.盘锦市夏冬季PM_2.5中碳组分污染特征及来源分析[J].中国环境科学, 2019,39(8):3201-3206. Guo J L, Ji Y Q, Ma Y, et al. Pollution characteristics and sources of carbon components in PM_2.5 during summer and winter in Panjin city[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(8):3201-3206.
[43] 任秀龙.冀南地区大气颗粒物的理化特征及来源解析[D].河北工程大学, 2021. Ren X L. The physiochemical properties and source apportionment of atmospheric particulate matter in southern Hebei[D]. Hebei University of Engineering, 2021.