三江平原农田排水期流域水体CH<sub>4</sub>排放特征及影响因素

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Abstract Under the influences of fertilization and soil leaching, the source and sink effects of methane (CH₄) in surface waters of agricultural watersheds remain unclear. Currently, the monitoring and studying of CH₄ emissions in waters of agricultural watersheds are still inadequate. This study focused on the Nongjiang River Basin within the Sanjiang Plain, employing the headspace equilibrium method and the diffusion model approach to precisely monitor and estimate the CH₄ concentrations and fluxes in various water bodies of the basin. The results showed that the water bodies in the Nongjiang watershed generally acted as sources of atmospheric CH₄. The CH₄ fluxes at the water-air interfaces of the Yalü River, Nongjiang River, ditches, and paddy fields ranged from 0.51 to 99.60, 0.97 to 20.44, 4.13 to 20.90, and 24.84 to 58.07mg/(m²·d), respectively. The CH₄ fluxes from ditches and paddy fields were 2 and 7 times higher than those of the Nongjiang River, respectively. In the Yalü River and ditches, CH₄ concentrations correlated significantly and negatively with pH and dissolved oxygen (DO), while the CH₄ concentrations in the Nongjiang River correlated significantly and positively with DO. The CH₄ concentrations in the Nongjiang River and ditches water bodies were significantly positively correlated with dissolved organic carbon (DOC), indicating that the use of agricultural organic fertilizer during the drainage period promotes the production of CH₄. The study found that river reaches that flow through shallow wetlands and agricultural areas generally have higher CH₄ concentrations and fluxes, suggesting the effects of land use patterns on CH₄ emissions were important. Compared with other agricultural watersheds globally, the Nongjiang River during the drainage period has higher CH₄ concentrations and lower CH₄ fluxes, low wind speed eased the CH₄ diffusion at water-air interface; while the the low CH₄ flux in the ditch waters during the drainage period mainly resulted from the high DO. As a typical agricultural area in the northeastern black soil region of China, understanding the production and emission of CH₄ in the agricultural watersheds is of great significance for future carbon budget balances and carbon emission assessments in this region.

Key words： agricultural watershed drainage period greenhouse gas CH₄ production and emission

Received: 20 October 2023

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	LIU Kai-ming
	ZHANG Hai
	LI Xia
	WANG Ming-guo
	YANG Tao
	LI Jun
	BAI Li
	LIU Xiao-long

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LIU Kai-ming,ZHANG Hai,LI Xia等. Characteristics of methane (CH₄) emissions and influencing factors in surface waters of farmland during the drainage period in the Sanjiang Plain[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(6): 3078-3090.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V44/I6/3078

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