我国地表水中多氯联苯的时空演变及管控策略

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (1188 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract Based on the literature research and field investigation, this study aimed to systematically discuss the historical trends of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in surface water environment in China, to analyze the occurrence and potential sources of PCBs in two well-known lakes (Lake Dianchi and Lake Taihu), and to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental policy on PCBs. Overall, the levels of PCBs showed a curve like "M", peaking in the 1930s and in the 2000s, respectively. The maximum detected concentration was 3110ng/L in national surface water historically. Currently, PCBs in water from the Lake Dianchi and the Lake Taihu are generally low. However, potential point sources still exist, including the discharge from pigment/painting, the incineration of e-waste and medical waste. The ecosystem risk assessment indicated that PCBs have negative effects on the aquatic organisms in the Lake Taihu, thus it is necessary to strengthen the source control of PCBs and to develop the water quality standard based on toxicity equivalent, in order to improve aquatic biodiversity.

Key words： polychlorinated biphenyls historical trend pollution status ecological risk control strategy

Received: 24 November 2023

PACS:

X82

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	GAO Yun-ze
	YANG Chao
	XU Zi-yao
	HAILU Gedion Tsegay
	FENG Gan-yu
	ZHU Ning-zheng
	MENG Xiang-zhou

Cite this article:

GAO Yun-ze,YANG Chao,XU Zi-yao等. Temporal-spatial distribution and control strategy of polychlorinated biphenyls in surface water in China[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(6): 3217-3225.

URL:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V44/I6/3217

[1] 杨丹丹.渤海表层沉积物中多氯联苯(PCBs)的分布、来源及风险研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学, 2015. Yang D D. Distribuytion, sources and risk research of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) in surface sediments of Bohai Sea[D]. Qingdao:Ocean University of China, 2015.
[2] 黄锦琼,张漫雯,王雄,等.珠江口及邻近海域表层沉积物多氯联苯分布特征[J].中国环境科学, 2023,43(5):2460-2469. Huang J Q, Zhang M W, Wang X, et al. Characterization and source identification of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in surface sediments of Pearl River Estuary and adjacent waters[J]. China Environmental Science, 2023,43(5):2460-2469.
[3] Melymuk L, Blumenthal J, Sanka O, et al. Persistent problem:Global challenges to managing PCBs[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2022,56(12):9029-9040.
[4] Yang Z, Shen Z, Gao F, et al. Polychlorinated biphenyls in urban lake sediments from Wuhan, central China:occurrence, composition, and sedimentary record[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2009, 38(4):1441-1448.
[5] 员晓燕,杨玉义,李庆孝,等.中国淡水环境中典型持久性有机污染物(POPs)的污染现状与分布特征[J].环境化学, 2013,32(11):2072-2080. Yuan X Y, Yang Y Y, Li Q X, et al. Present situation and distribution characteristics of persistent organic pollutants in freshwater in China[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2013,32(11):2072-2081.
[6] Castro-Jimenez J, Banaru D, Chen C T, et al. Persistent organic pollutants burden, trophic magnification and risk in a pelagic food web from coastal NW Mediterranean Sea[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2021,55(14):9557-9568.
[7] Coulter D P, Huff Hartz K E, Sepulveda M S, et al. Lifelong exposure to dioxin-like PCBs alters paternal offspring care behavior and reduces male fish reproductive success[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2019,53(19):11507-11514.
[8] Ngoubeyou P S K, Wolkersdorfer C, Ndibewu P P, et al. Toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls in aquatic environments-a review[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 2022,251:106284.
[9] Van Geest J L, Mackay D, Poirier D G, et al. Accumulation and depuration of polychlorinated biphenyls from field-collected sediment in three freshwater organisms[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2011,45(16):7011-7018.
[10] Wang H, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Lehmler H J, et al. Toxicity assessment of 91-day repeated inhalation exposure to an indoor school air mixture of PCBs[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2022, 56(3):1780-1790.
[11] 施玮.中国多氯联苯(PCBs)清单调查方法及应用示范[D].北京:清华大学, 2005. Shi W. China PCB inventory methodology and application demonstration[D]. Bijing:Tsinghua University, 2005.
[12] 武汉大学环境法研究所.有关PCBs污染问题[EB/OL]. http://www.riel.whu.edu.cn/view/4100.html, 2017. Research Institute of Environmental Law Wuhan University. About PCBs pollution[EB/OL]. http://www.riel.whu.edu.cn/view/4100.html, 2017.
[13] 生态环境部,工业和信息化部,农业农村部,等.重点管控新污染物清单(2023年版)[R]. 2022:11. Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, et al. List of new pollutants under key control (2023)[R]. 2022:11.
[14] Korosi J B, Thienpont J R, Smol J P, et al. Paleo-ecotoxicology:What can lake sediments tell us about ecosystem responses to environmental pollutants?[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2017,51(17):9446-9457.
[15] 蔡亚岐,刘稷燕,周庆祥,等.持久性有机污染物的样品前处理方法与技术[M].北京:科学出版社, 2019:143-200. Cai Y Q, Liu J Y, Zhou Q X, et al. Sample pretreatment methods and techniques for persistent organic pollutants[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2019:143-200.
[16] Yang R, Xie T, Wang P, et al. Historical trends of PCBs and PBDEs as reconstructed in a lake sediment from southern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Environmental Science (Chinese), 2020,98:31-38.
[17] Wan X, Pan X, Wang B, et al. Distributions, historical trends, and source investigation of polychlorinated biphenyls in Dianchi Lake, China[J]. Chemosphere, 2011,85(3):361-367.
[18] Mai B X, Zeng E Y, Luo X J, et al. Abundances, depositional fluxes, and homologue patterns of polychlorinated biphenyls in dated sediment cores from the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2005,39(1):49-56.
[19] Huo S, Li C, Xi B, et al. Historical record of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and special occurrence of PCB 209 in a shallow fresh-water lake from eastern China[J]. Chemosphere, 2017,184:832-840.
[20] 李红莉,李国刚,杨帆,等.南四湖沉积物中有机氯农药和多氯联苯垂直分布特征[J].环境科学, 2007,28(7):1590-1594. Li H L, Li G G, Yang F, et al. Vertical distribution characteristics of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in sediment core from Lake Nansihu[J]. Environmental Science, 2007,28(7):1590-1594.
[21] 马召辉,金军,亓学奎,等.太湖沉积物中多溴联苯醚和类二噁英多氯联苯的水平垂直分布[J].环境科学, 2013,34(3):1136-1141. Ma Z H, Jin J, Qi X K, et al. Vertical distribution of pBDEs and Dl-PCBs in sediments of Taihu Lake[J]. Environmental Science, 2013,34(3):1136-1141.
[22] Ren N Q, Que M X, Li Y F, et al. Polychlorinated biphenyls in Chinese surface soils[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2007,41:3871-3876.
[23] Han D, Currell M J. Persistent organic pollutants in China's surface water systems[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017,580:602-625.
[24] 王泰.海河河口水环境中POPs的污染特征及来源解析[D].北京:清华大学, 2010. Wang T. Occurrence and source apportionment of persistent organic pollutants in aquatic environment of Haihe River Estuary[D]. Bijing:Tsinghua University, 2010.
[25] Wang H, Wang C X, Wu W Z, et al. Persistent organic pollutants in water and surface sediments of Taihu Lake, China and risk assessment[J]. Chemosphere 2003,50:557-562.
[26] Zhang Z L, Hong H S, Zhou J L, et al. Fate and assessment of persistent organic pollutants in water and sediment from Minjiang River Estuary, Southeast China[J]. Chemosphere, 2003,52(9):1423-1430.
[27] 王薛平.上海市地表水体中多环芳烃与多氯联苯的环境行为与风险研究[D].上海:华东师范大学, 2017. Wang X P. Environmental behaviors and risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls in the surface water of Shanghai[D]. Shanghai:East China Normal University, 2017.
[28] 尚小宴.滇池水体中多氯联苯的分析测定研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学, 2008. Shang X Y. Analysis and determination on polychlorinated biphenyls in Dianchi Lake[D]. Kunming:Kunming University of science and Technoloigy. 2008.
[29] 刘俐.太湖地表水典型有机物污染特征分析及生态风险评价[D].南京:南京大学, 2021. Liu L. Characteristic analysis and ecological risk assessment of typical organic pollutants in the surface water of Tai Lake[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University, 2021.
[30] 邵阳,杨国胜,刘韦华,等.北京地区地表水中OCPs和PCBs的污染分析[J].中国环境科学, 2016,36(9):2606-2613. Shao Y, Yang G S, Liu W H, et al. The study of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in surface water around Beijing[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(9):2606-2613.
[31] 黄樯,陈明俊,李泽甫,等.沱江流域上游区域水环境中多氯联苯分布、来源及风险评价[J].环境污染与防治, 2022,44(4):481-487. Huang Q, Chen M J, Li Z P, et al. Distribution, source and risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls in the water environment of the upper reaches of Tuojiang Basin[J]. Environmental Pollution&Control, 2022,44(4):481-487.
[32] 黄智峰,郑丙辉,尹大强,等.洞庭湖及入湖河流中209种多氯联苯同类物分布特征及风险评估[J].环境科学, 2022,43(1):363-368. Huang Z F, Zheng B H, Yin D Q, et al. Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of 209 polychlorinated biphenyls in Dongting Lake and the inflow rivers[J]. Environmental Science, 2022,43(1):363-368.
[33] Dai G, Liu X, Liang G, et al. Distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in surface water and sediments from Baiyangdian Lake in North China[J]. Journal of Environmental Science (Chinese), 2011,23(10):1640-1649.
[34] 于英鹏,刘敏.太湖流域水源地多氯联苯分布特征与污染水平[J].生态毒理学报, 2018,13(1):147-153. Yu Y, Liu M. Distribution characteristics and pollution level of PCBs in water source area of Taihu River Basin[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2018,13(1):147-153.
[35] 程加德,任晓鸣,邱阳,等.太湖上游多氯联苯的分布、来源及风险评价[J].生态环境学报, 2020,29(12):2433-2440. Cheng J D, Ren X M, Qiu Y, et al. Distribution, source and risk assessment of PCBs in the upstream of Taihu Lake basin[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2020,29(12):2433-2440.
[36] Lu Q, Liang Y, Fang W, et al. Spatial distribution, bioconversion and ecological risk of PCBs and PBDEs in the surface sediment of contaminated urban rivers:A nationwide study in China[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2021,55(14):9579-9590.
[37] 应光国,彭平安,赵建亮,等.流域化学品生态风险评价:以东江流域为例[M].北京:科学出版社, 2012:204-206. Ying G G, Peng P A, Zhao J L, et al. Watershed ecological risk assessment of chemicals-Taking Dongjiang as example[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2012:204-206.
[38] 徐磊,刘莎,秦庆东,等.太湖竺山湾及入湖河流沉积物中多氯联苯单体分布及源解析[J].中国环境科学, 2017,37(11):4333-4341. XU L, LIU S, QIN Q D, et al. Distribution and source apportionment of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in surface sediments from Zhushan Bay and the inflow rivers of Lake Taihu[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(5):4333-4341.
[39] 周丰,陈华北.后疫情时期对医疗废弃物收集、处置流程的思考[J].医院管理论坛, 2022,39(1):52-54. Zhou F, Chen H B. Thoughts on collection and disposal process of medical waste in post-epidemic period[J]. Hospital Management Forum, 2022,39(1):52-54.
[40] Liu G, Zheng M, Cai M, et al. Atmospheric emission of polychlorinated biphenyls from multiple industrial thermal processes[J]. Chemosphere, 2013,90(9):2453-2460.
[41] 陈佳,陈彤,王奇,等.中国危险废物和医疗废物焚烧处置行业二噁英排放水平研究[J].环境科学学报, 2014,24(4):973-979. Chen J, Chen T, Wang Q, et al. PCDD/Fs emission levels of hazardous and medical waste incineration in China[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2014,34(4):973-979.
[42] Mao S, Liu S, Zhou Y, et al. The occurrence and sources of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in agricultural soils across China with an emphasis on unintentionally produced PCBs[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2021,271:116171.
[43] Liu J, He X X, Lin X R, et al. Ecological effects of combined pollution associated with e-waste recycling on the composition and diversity of soil microbial communities[J]. Environmental Science&Technology, 2015,49(11):6438-6447.
[44] 王学彤,李元成,缪绎,等.电子废物拆解区河流沉积物中多氯联苯的污染水平、分布及来源[J].环境科学, 2012,33(7):2347-2351. Wang X T, Li Y C, Miao Y, et al. Levels, distribution and possible sources of polychlorinated biphenyls in river sediments from an electronic waste recycling area[J]. Environmental Science, 2012, 33(7):2347-2351.
[45] 灯世界.PCBs (多氯联苯)污染在中国[EB/OL]. https://www.xyzlux.com/?p=5735, 2013. Dengshijie. PCBs pollution in China[EB/OL]. https://www.xyzlux.com/?p=5735, 2013.
[46] UNEP. PCB:A forgotten legacy?[R]. Switzerland:Secretariat of the PCB Elimination Network (PEN), 2016.
[47] 国务院办公厅.新污染物治理行动方案[Z].北京:2022. State Council. An action plan to strengthen the control of new pollutants[Z]. Beijing:2022.
[48] Needham T P, Ghosh U. Four decades since the ban, old urban wastewater treatment plant remains a dominant source of PCBs to the environment[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2019,246:390-397.
[49] 周玲莉,薛南冬,韩宝禄,等.某废旧电容器封存点清挖现场的PCBs污染特征及毒性风险[C]//持久性有机污染物论坛2012暨第七届持久性有机污染物全国学术研讨会,天津:2012. Zhou L L, Xue N D, Han B L, et al. Toxicity risk and contaminated characteristics of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the digging location of a capacitor storage site[C]//China POPs Forum 2012&7th National Symposium on Persistent Organic Pollutants. Tianjin, China, 2012.