|
|
|
| Mechanisms regarding the enhanced degradation of chlorinated organophosphates by ultrasound-assisted thermally activated persulfates |
| LEI Hui-hui1, WANG Xiao-fei1, WANG Chao-yi1, WANG Ya-wei1, WANG Xue-dong1, KONG Ling-zhao1, QIN Hong-bing2, WANG Jun-xia1 |
1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China;
2. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract A heat-coupled ultrasonic activated persulfate (Heat/US/PDS) oxidation degradation technology of tri (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) was established in this study. The reaction parameters were optimized by the central combination design method (CCD) of the response surface (RSM). The reaction parameters of TCEP removal in this system were more moderate (ultrasonic power was 402.5W, temperature was 52.6℃, reaction time was 120min), and the degradation rate of TCEP was predicted to reach 95.3%. Both coexisting ions and humic acids inhibited the removal of TCEP, and the degradation rate of TCEP was 76% in the four water bodies. Radical quenching experiments and EPR analysis showed that SO4·- and ·OH were the main reactive oxygen species. Five possible degradation intermediates of TCEP were detected. Zebrafish embryo exposure experiment showed that TCEP was safe to react in aqueous solution in this system, and the ecotoxicity of TCEP and its possible products to large fleas, algae and fish was evaluated, and the ecotoxicity of degradation products to aquatic organisms was low.
|
|
Received: 26 February 2024
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] Van Der Veen I, De Boer J. Phosphorus flame retardants: Properties, production, environmental occurrence, toxicity and analysis [J]. Chemosphere, 2012,88(10):1119-1153.
[2] Chen S, Cai H, Du X, et al. Adsorption behavior of hierarchical porous biochar from shrimp shell for tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP): Sorption experiments and DFT calculations [J]. Environmental Research, 2023,219:115128.
[3] Hou R, Xu Y, Wang Z. Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: Absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research [J]. Chemosphere, 2016,153:78-90.
[4] 闻昌成,李灿然,梅键民,等.湖泊环境中有机磷阻燃剂的污染现状与生物富集研究进展[J]. 环境科学导刊, 2023,42(4):11-7,44. Wen C, Li C, Mei J, et al. Review on the Contamination Status and the Bioaccumulation Progress of Organophosphorus Flame Retardents in Lacustrine Environment [J]. Environmental Science Survey, 2023, 42(4):11-17,44.
[5] Shi T, Li R, Fu J, et al. Fate of organophosphate esters from the Northwestern Pacific to the Southern Ocean: Occurrence, distribution, and fugacity model simulation [J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2024,137:347-357.
[6] He S, Li P, Su F, et al. Identification and apportionment of shallow groundwater nitrate pollution in Weining Plain, northwest China, using hydrochemical indices, nitrate stable isotopes, and the new Bayesian stable isotope mixing model (MixSIAR) [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2022,298:118852.
[7] Zhu K, Sarvajayakesavalu S, Han Y, et al. Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in water sources from Northeast to Southeast China [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2022, 307:119461.
[8] Yang C, Liu C, Yan Y, et al. Efficient removal of Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate by biochar derived from shrimp shell: Adsorption performance and mechanism study [J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2023,254:114728.
[9] Kawagoshi Y, Fukunaga I, Itoh H. Distribution of organophosphoric acid triesters between water and sediment at a sea-based solid waste disposal site [J]. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 1999,1:53-61.
[10] Grieco S A, Ramarao B V. Removal of TCEP from aqueous solutions by adsorption with zeolites [J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2013,434:329-338.
[11] Krzeminski P, Schwermer C, Wennberg A, et al. Occurrence of UV filters, fragrances and organophosphate flame retardants in municipal WWTP effluents and their removal during membrane post-treatment [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2017,323:166-176.
[12] Liang K, Liu J. Understanding the distribution, degradation and fate of organophosphate esters in an advanced municipal sewage treatment plant based on mass flow and mass balance analysis [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016,544:262-270.
[13] Lei H, Wang J, Sun Y, et al. Thermally activated persulfate (TAP)-enhanced tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate removal in real-world waters based on a response-surface approach as well as toxicological evaluation on its degradation products [J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2024,270:115924.
[14] Arvaniti O S, Bairamis F, Konstantinou I, et al. Degradation of antihypertensive drug valsartan in water matrices by heat and heat/ultrasound activated persulfate: Kinetics, synergy effect and transformation products [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal Advances, 2020,4:100062.
[15] Zhang L, Zhang J, Yang F, et al. Exploring the impact of ultrasound on antibiotic-resistant bacteria inactivation in the sulfidated zero valent iron/persulfate system [J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2023,11(3):109702.
[16] Darsinou B, Frontistis Z, Antonopoulou M, et al. Sono-activated persulfate oxidation of bisphenol A: Kinetics, pathways and the controversial role of temperature [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2015,280:623-633.
[17] Al-Hamadani Y A J, Jung C, Im J K, et al. Sonocatalytic degradation coupled with single-walled carbon nanotubes for removal of ibuprofen and sulfamethoxazole [J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2017,162:300-308.
[18] Li J Y, Liu Z Q, Cui Y H, et al. Abatement of aromatic contaminants from wastewater by a heat/persulfate process based on a polymerization mechanism [J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2023,57(47): 18575-18585.
[19] Yabalak E, Ozay Y, Gizir A M, et al. Water recovery from textile bath wastewater using combined subcritical water oxidation and nanofiltration [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021,290:125207.
[20] Yabalak E. Treatment of agrochemical wastewater by thermally activated persulfate oxidation method: Evaluation of energy and reagent consumption [J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2021,9(3):105201.
[21] Jiang H, Yang S, Tian H, et al. Research progress in the use of liquid-liquid extraction for food flavour analysis [J]. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2023,132:138-149.
[22] Liang C, Huang C F, Mohanty N, et al. A rapid spectrophotometric determination of persulfate anion in ISCO [J]. Chemosphere, 2008,73(9):1540-1543.
[23] Liu H, Ye M, Ren Z, et al. Towards synergistic combination of biochar/ultrasonic persulfate enhancing removal of natural humic acids from water [J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2022, 10(3):107809.
[24] Li D, Zhang S, Li S, et al. Mechanism of the application of single-atom catalyst-activated PMS/PDS to the degradation of organic pollutants in water environment: A review [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023,397:136468.
[25] Li C, Wei G, Chen J, et al. Aqueous OH radical reaction rate constants for organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers: Experimental and modeling studies [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2018,52(5):2790-2799.
[26] Liu Z, Lan H, Wang Y, et al. Highly efficient degradation of bisphenol A with persulfate activated by vacuum-ultraviolet/ultraviolet light (VUV/UV): Experiments and theoretical calculations [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022,429:132485.
[27] Yang L, Xue J, He L, et al. Review on ultrasound assisted persulfate degradation of organic contaminants in wastewater: Influences, mechanisms and prospective [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 378:122146.
[28] Chen W S, Huang C-P. Mineralization of dinitrotoluenes in aqueous solution by sono-activated persulfate enhanced with electrolytes [J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2019,51:129-137.
[29] Hao F, Guo W, Wang A, et al. Intensification of sonochemical degradation of ammonium perfluorooctanoate by persulfate oxidant [J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2014,21(2):554-558.
[30] Chen W S, Su Y C. Removal of dinitrotoluenes in wastewater by sono-activated persulfate [J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2012,19(4): 921-927.
[31] Eslami A, Asadi A, Meserghani M, et al. Optimization of sonochemical degradation of amoxicillin by sulfate radicals in aqueous solution using response surface methodology (RSM) [J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2016,222:739-744.
[32] Liu F, Yi P, Wang X, et al. Degradation of Acid Orange 7by an ultrasound/ZnO-GAC/persulfate process [J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2018,194:181-187.
[33] Hou L, Wang L, Royer S, et al. Ultrasound-assisted heterogeneous Fenton-like degradation of tetracycline over a magnetite catalyst [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016,302:458-467.
[34] Li Y T, Zhang J J, Li Y H, et al. Treatment of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons using activated persulfate oxidation, ultrasound, and heat: A kinetic and thermodynamic study [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022,428:131336.
[35] Wang F, Liu S S, Feng Z, et al. High-efficient peroxymonosulfate activation for rapid atrazine degradation by FeSx@MoS2derived from MIL-88A(Fe) [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2022,440:129723.
[36] Guo S, Chen M, You L, et al. 3D printed hierarchically porous zero-valent copper for efficient pollutant degradation through peroxymonosulfate activation [J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2023,305:122437.
[37] Yang W, Pan H, Wang X, et al. Metal-free activation of sulfite by benzoquinone-derived carbon for efficient organic contaminant degradation: Identification and regulation of active sites [J]. ACS ES&T Engineering, 2023,3(4):533-543.
[38] Yun E T, Lee J H, Kim J, et al. Identifying the nonradical mechanism in the peroxymonosulfate activation process: Singlet oxygenation versus mediated electron transfer [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2018,52(12):7032-7042.
[39] Wang L, Lan X, Peng W, et al. Uncertainty and misinterpretation over identification, quantification and transformation of reactive species generated in catalytic oxidation processes: A review [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021,408:124436.
[40] Du A, Fu H, Wang P, et al. Enhanced catalytic peroxymonosulfate activation for sulfonamide antibiotics degradation over the supported CoSx-CuSx derived from ZIF-L(Co) immobilized on copper foam [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2022,426:128134.
[41] Zhang T, Yang Y, Li X, et al. Degradation of sulfamethazine by persulfate activated with nanosized zero-valent copper in combination with ultrasonic irradiation [J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2020,239:116537.
[42] Ou H S, Liu J, Ye J S, et al. Degradation of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate by ultraviolet-persulfate: Kinetics, pathway and intermediate impact on proteome of Escherichia coli [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2017,308:386-395. |
|
|
|
