|
|
Release characteristics of thirdhand smoke pollutants from clothing |
GENG Chuang1, LIU Bi-yuan1, GE Hao-nan1, ZHANG Jia-rui1, ZHU Yu-qing1, HUANG Hai-bao1,2, CAO Jian-ping1 |
1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; 2. Chemical Engineering Institute, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China |
|
|
Abstract More than 100 volatile organic compounds (including 36 carcinogens) were identified in the clothing-mediated thirdhand smoke (THS) by using a proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS). Significant differences were found in the component and amount for the THS released from different clothing material. Specifically, the amount of THS released from polyester was significantly lower than that released from cotton. Furthermore, the amount of THS released from clothing exponentially decreased as increasing time, and the decrease ratio was more than 80% after 30 minutes, suggesting that the clothing-mediated THS pollution could be reduced if the smokers stay outdoors for more than 30 minutes after smoking cigarettes. This study provided a useful method for the investigations of clothing-mediated THS pollution, deepening the understanding on the release characteristics of THS pollution from clothing, which should have great significance in reducing the THS exposure for non-smokers.
|
Received: 08 June 2024
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 王 辰,肖 丹,池 慧.《中国吸烟危害健康报告2020》概要 [J]. 中国循环杂志, 2021,36(10):937-952. Wang C, Xiao D, Chi H. 2020Report on health hazard of smoking in China: An updated summary [J]. Chinese Circulation Journal, 2021, 36(10):937-952. [2] Daisey J M. Tracers for assessing exposure to environmental tobacco smoke: What are they tracing? [J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 1999,107(2):319-327. [3] Matt G E, Quintana P J E, Destaillats H, et al. Thirdhand tobacco smoke: Emerging evidence and arguments for a multidisciplinary research agenda [J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2011, 119(9):1218-1226. [4] Chien Y, Chang C, Liu Z. Volatile organics off-gassed among tobacco-exposed clothing fabrics [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011,193:139-148. [5] Borujeni E T, Yaghmaian K, Naddafi K, et al. Identification and determination of the volatile organics of third-hand smoke from different cigarettes and clothing fabrics [J]. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 2022,20(1):53-63. [6] Ueta I, Saito Y, Teraoka K, et al. Determination of volatile organic compounds for a systematic evaluation of third-hand smoking [J]. Analytical Sciences, 2010,26(5):569-574. [7] 范 亮,张海杰,王 玮,等.大气中酰胺的研究进展与展望 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2024,44(5):2369-2385. Fan L, Zhang H J, Wang W, et al. Research progress and prospect of amide in atmosphere [J]. China Environmental Science, 2024,44(5): 2369-2385. [8] Håland A, Mikoviny T, Syse E E, et al. On the development of a new prototype PTR-ToF-MS instrument and its application to the detection of atmospheric amines [J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 2022,15(21):6297-6307. [9] Shrestha S, Zhou S, Mehra M, et al. Evaluation of aerosol- and gas-phase tracers for identification of transported biomass burning emissions in an industrially influenced location in Texas, USA [J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2023,23(19):10845-10867. [10] 张 颖,孔少飞,郑 煌,等.牛粪燃烧实时排放挥发性有机物特征研究 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(5):1932-1939. Zhang Y, Kong S F, Zheng H, et al. Real-time emission of volatile organic compounds from cow dung combustion [J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(5):1932-1939. [11] Kohl I, Herbig J, Dunkl J, et al. Smokers breath as seen by proton- transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS) [M]. Boston: Elsevier, 2013:89-116. [12] Sheu R, Stönner C, Ditto J C, et al. Human transport of thirdhand tobacco smoke: A prominent source of hazardous air pollutants into indoor nonsmoking environments [J]. Science Advances, 2020,6(10): eaay4109. [13] 顾惠琴,陈辉华,王佳欢.不同纤度涤纶短纤的性能研究 [J]. 纺织检测与标准, 2024,10(3):15-19. Gu H Q, Chen H H, Wang J H. Research on the performance of different denier polyester staple fibers [J]. Textile Testing and Standard, 2024,10(3):15-19. [14] Soleimani F, Dobaradaran S, De-la-Torre G E, et al. Content of toxic components of cigarette, cigarette smoke vs cigarette butts: A comprehensive systematic review [J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2022,813:152667. [15] Office on Smoking and Health (US). The health consequences of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke: A report of the Surgeon General [M]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US), 2006:11. [16] Yu C, Lo Y, Chiou W. The 3D scanner for measuring body surface area: a simplified calculation in the Chinese adult [J]. Applied Ergonomics, 2003,34(3):273-278. [17] Ding Y, Trommel J S, Yan X, et al. Determination of 14polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mainstream smoke from domestic cigarettes [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2005,39(2): 471-478. [18] Ding Y, Ashley D L, Watson C H. Determination of 10carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mainstream cigarette smoke [J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007,55(15):5966- 5973. [19] Zhao G, Wang S, Fu Y, et al. Analysis of the heterocyclic aromatic amines in cigarette smoke by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry [J]. Chromatographia, 2014,77(11):813-820. [20] Rochman C M, Manzano C, Hentschel B T, et al. Polystyrene plastic: A source and sink for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the marine environment [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013,47(24): 13976-13984. [21] Neira C, Cossaboon J, Mendoza G, et al. Occurrence and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of San Diego Bay marinas [J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2017,114(1):466- 479. [22] Charles S M, Jia C, Batterman S A, et al. VOC and particulate emissions from commercial cigarettes: Analysis of 2,5-DMF as an ETS tracer [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2008,42(4): 1324-1331. [23] 陈 远.共沉积改性涤纶、棉和涤棉废旧织物增强环氧复合材料研究 [D]. 天津:天津工业大学, 2023. Chen Y. Research on epoxy composites reinforced by co-deposition modified waste fabrics of polyester, cotton, and polyester-cotton blend [D]. Tianjin: Tiangong University, 2023. [24] Zhang Y, Xiong J, Mo J, et al. Understanding and controlling airborne organic compounds in the indoor environment: mass transfer analysis and applications [J]. Indoor Air, 2016,26(1):39-60. [25] Bekki K, Uchiyama S, Inaba Y, et al. Analysis of furans and pyridines from new generation heated tobacco product in Japan [J]. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 2021,26(1):89. [26] Cao J, Weschler C J, Luo J, et al. Cm-history method, a novel approach to simultaneously measure source and sink parameters important for estimating indoor exposures to phthalates [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2016,50(2):825-834. [27] Eichler C M A, Hubal E A C, Xu Y, et al. Assessing human exposure to SVOCs in materials, products, and articles: A modular mechanistic framework [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2021,55(1): 25-43. [28] 朱腾义,陈 颖,程浩淼,等.基于QSAR模型预测有机污染物在XAD与空气中的分配系数 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2022,42(5):2269- 2274. Zhu T Y, Chen Y, Cheng H M, et al. Prediction of organic pollutions partition coefficients between XAD and air based on QSAR models [J]. China Environmental Science, 2024,42(5):2269-2274. [29] 王子倩,郝炜伟,董玲池,等.重庆大气中多环芳香类物质气粒分配模型预测 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2024,44(2):629-637. Wang Z Q, Hao W W, Dong L C, et al. Modeling prediction of particle distribution of polycyclic aromatic compounds in the winter atmosphere over Chongqing urban area [J]. China Environmental Science, 2024,44(2):629-637. |
|
|
|