船舶污水及压载水中PFASs及其新型替代品的含量及赋存特征

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摘要为了解船舶压载水以及生活污水中的全氟/多氟化合物(PFASs)及其新型替代品对海洋环境中PFASs污染的影响,针对16个港口,46艘船舶的黑水、灰水、黑灰混合水和压载水系统采集了56个样品,并对其中17种传统PFASs及2种新型替代品进行了分析.结果表明,船舶压载水中ΣPFASs浓度范围为45.6~97.4ng/L;船舶生活污水中ΣPFASs浓度范围为24~14681ng/L,ΣPFASs浓度最高值出现在灰水样品中.不同类型船舶之间PFASs含量及赋存情况没有明显差异.传统PFASs中,全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟丁烷磺酸(PFBS)是大部分样品中占比较高的化合物;新型替代品中,全氟壬烯氧基苯磺酸钠(OBS)浓度相对较高,6:2 氯代多氟醚磺酸(6:2Cl-PFESA)检出频率较低.经过处理的船舶生活污水ΣPFASs浓度高于未处理的,归因于船舶生活污水的处理过程中有前体物质发生了向PFASs的转化.

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关键词 ：多氟/全氟化合物(PFASs), 船舶压载水, 船舶生活污水, 赋存特征

Abstract：In order to study the effects of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and their emerging alternatives in ballast water and domestic wastewater of ships on the pollution of PFASs in the marine environment, systematically collected 56samples of black water, grey water, black and grey mixed water, and ballast water from 46ships in 16 ports and analyzed 17 traditional PFASs and 2 novel alternatives in these samples. The concentration of ΣPFASs in the ballast water of the ships ranged from 45.6~97.4ng/L; the concentration of ΣPFASs in the domestic sewage of ships ranged from 24~14681ng/L, and the highest concentration of ΣPFASs appeared in grey water samples. There was no significant difference in the content and assignment of PFASs between different types of ships. Among the traditional PFASs, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) were the compounds with higher percentages in most of the samples; and among the newer alternatives, the concentration of sodium perfluorononenoyloxy benzene sulfonate (OBS) was relatively high, the frequency of 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (6:2Cl-PFESA) was less frequently detected. The higher concentration of ΣPFASs in the treated marine sewage than in the untreated was attributed to the conversion of precursors to PFASs in the treatment process of sewage of ships.

Key words： poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) ship ballast water ship domestic sewage occurrence characteristics

收稿日期: 2024-03-10

PACS:

X703

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41876128,41806128)

通讯作者: 陈虹,研究员,hchen@nmemc.org.cn E-mail: hchen@nmemc.org.cn

作者简介: 王宇萌(1999-),女,江苏南通人,上海海洋大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为海洋污染化学.wym99347@163.com.

引用本文:

王宇萌, 陈虹, 洪宛婷, 徐雪梅. 船舶污水及压载水中PFASs及其新型替代品的含量及赋存特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(10): 5639-5648. WANG Yu-meng, CHEN Hong, HONG Wan-ting, XU Xue-mei. Levels and occurrence of legacy and emerging poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in ship sewage and ballast water. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(10): 5639-5648.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I10/5639

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