鹤壁市大气挥发性有机物源排放清单研究

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摘要采用排放系数法与“自下而上”的活动水平数据收集方法，建立了鹤壁市化石燃料固定燃烧源、工艺过程源、溶剂使用源、储存运输源、废弃物处理源等固定源、移动源、餐饮油烟和生物质燃烧等面源的VOCs排放清单.结果表明：鹤壁市2017年VOCs排放总量为8829.7t.其中，工艺过程源排放量最大（3052.5t），占VOCs总排放量的32%；其次是移动源（2712.8t）和溶剂使用源（1447.1t），分别占总排放量的29%和15%；从空间分布看，浚县的VOCs排放量最大（3444.0t），其次为淇滨区（1519.4t）、山城区（1516.0t）、淇县（1103.8t）和鹤山区（1041.9t）；其中，机动车（1932.0t）、建材冶金（903.6t）、化学制品制造（829.6t）、橡塑（646.8t）等VOCs排放量较大.对比河南省省会郑州市、同为煤炭资源型城市焦作市，鹤壁市的VOCs排放总量是郑州市的1/11，焦作市的1/3.但鹤壁市单位面积的VOCs排放量较大，是郑州市的1/3，焦作市的1/2，且鹤壁市单位GDP的VOCs排放量与郑州市和焦作市非常接近.说明鹤壁市VOCs排放总量低，但排放强度较高，仍需要加大减排力度.根据本清单的研究结果，建议鹤壁市可着重加强工艺过程源和移动源的减排，重点减排区域为浚县、鹤山区和淇滨区的交汇地带，重点减排机动车、建材冶金、化学制品制造等；此外，还应关注橡塑、餐饮油烟、工业生物质锅炉等行业的VOCs排放.

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关键词 ：臭氧(O₃), 细颗粒物(PM_2.5), 挥发性有机物(VOCs), 排放特征, 控制对策

Abstract：The VOCs emission inventory of Hebi were established using emission factor method, and the activities levels of air polllutions sources were collected by the bottom-up methods. The air pollution sources includes fossil fuel combustion source, industry processing source, solvent used source, storage and transportation source, waste disposal source, vehicle of mobile source, cooking source and biomass burning etc. The results showed that the total emissions of VOCs in Hebi in 2017 were 8829.7t. Among them, the process source emissions were the largest (3052.5t), accounting for 32% of the total VOCs emissions, followed by mobile sources (2712.8t) and solvent use sources (1447.1t), which accounted for 29% and 15% of the total emissions respectively. From the spatial distribution, Xun County had the largest VOCs emissions (3444.0t), followed by Qibin District (1519.4t), Shancheng District (1516.0t), Qi County (1103.8t) and Heshan District (1041.9t). From the perspective of emission sources and industry composition, motor vehicles (1932.0t), building materials and metallurgy (903.6t), chemical product manufacturing (829.6t), rubber and plastics (646.8t) emissions VOCs were larger. A comparison analysis was made with Henan provincial capital Zhengzhou and the same type Jiaozuo, the total emission of VOCs in Hebi which only accounted for 1/11of that for Zhengzhou, and 1/3 of that for Jiaozuo. But the VOCs emissions per unit area in Hebi accounted for 1/3 of that in Zhengzhou and 1/2 of that in Jiaozuo City. The VOCs emissions per unit GDP of Hebi was only slightly lower than those of Zhengzhou and Jiaozuo. It showed that although the total emissions amount of VOCs in Hebi was relatively lower, but the emission intensity was higher. Based on the emission inventory of this study, for example building materials, metallurgy and rubber and plastics etc; the VOCs emission from the industry processing source and vehicle of mobile source should pay more attention; at the same time, Xun Country, Heshan District and Qibin Districts should pay more attention too.

Key words： ozone (O₃) fine particles (PM_2.5) volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission characteristics control measures

收稿日期: 2020-07-02

PACS:

X511

基金资助:大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目（DQGG0524），大气臭氧健康风险评估与关键标准研究（2020YFC1806303）

通讯作者: 张新民,研究员,zhangxm@craes.org.cn E-mail: zhangxm@craes.org.cn

作者简介: 范西彩(1995-),女,河南新乡人,山西师范大学硕士研究生,主要从事大气污染控制研究.

引用本文:

范西彩, 张新民, 张晓红, 高志凤, 赵文娟, 马琳琳. 鹤壁市大气挥发性有机物源排放清单研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(2): 558-565. FAN Xi-cai, ZHANG Xin-min, ZHANG Xiao-hong, GAO Zhi-feng, ZHAO Wen-juan, MA Lin-lin. Research on the emission inventory of volatile organic compounds in Hebi City, Henan Province. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(2): 558-565.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I2/558

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