长江源区主要河流水化学特征、主要离子来源

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (1198 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract Based on the field investigation of water environment and historical monitoring data in SRYR, the present research analyzed the distribution characteristics of main ions in the main rivers of the SRYR, revealed the hydrochemical types and main controlling factors of the main rivers, clarified the main ion sources and evaluated the applicability of the main rivers. The results indicated that the average concentration of the main cations in the river water of the SRYR displayed in the order of Na⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Mg²⁺ > K⁺, of which the average concentration of Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ accounted for 65.9% and 18.8% of the total cations, respectively. The average content of major anions was in the order of Cl^-> HCO₃^-> SO₄^2-> NO₃^-, in which the average content of Cl^- and HCO₃^- accounted for 47.6% and 32.9% of the total anions, respectively. The hydrochemical types of the main rivers in the SRYR were Na-Cl, Ca-HCO₃ and Ca-SO₄, which was mainly controlled by evaporative crystallization and rock weathering, the main ion come from the rock weathering. However, there were certain differences in the water chemistry characteristics in different rivers. Hydrochemical type of Dangqu was mainly Ca-HCO₃ and Ca-SO₄, which was mainly controlled by rock weathering. Hydrochemical types of Na-Cl were showed in Tuotuo river and Chumar river, which were mainly controlled by evaporative crystallization, and the main ions come from the dissolution of evaporative rocks. The hydrochemical types of Tongtian river were Na-Cl and Ca-HCO₃, which were mainly controlled by weathering and evaporative crystallization of rocks, and the main ions come from the dissolution of evaporated rocks, carbonates and silicates. The hardness of the river water in the SRYR was relatively high, while the water quality of the Dangqu river was suitable for irrigation, the water quality of the Tuotuo River, Chumar River and Tongtian River were recommended to be used for irrigation with caution and not suitable for direct drinking.The results were expected to provide basic data support for the protection and utilization of water resources in the SRYR.

Key words： the source region of Yangtze River River main ion hydrochemical characteristics ion source water quality

Received: 21 July 2020

PACS:

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	LIU Min
	ZHAO Liang-yuan
	LI Qing-yun
	ZOU Jing-yi
	HU Yuan
	ZHANG Yi-zhe
	XU Ping
	WU Zhi-guang
	DENG Wei
	TAO Jing-xiang

Cite this article:

LIU Min,ZHAO Liang-yuan,LI Qing-yun等. Hydrochemical characteristics, main ion sources of main rivers in the source region of Yangtze River[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(3): 1243-1254.

URL:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2021/V41/I3/1243

[1]	Pant R R, Fan Zhang, Rehman F U, et al. Spatiotemporal variations of hydrogeochemistry and its controlling factors in the Gandaki River Basin, Central Himalaya Nepal[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017,622-623:770-782.
[2]	Li Z., Feng Q, Wang Q.J, et al. Quantitative evaluation on the influence from cryosphere meltwater on runoff in an inland river basin of China[J]. Global and Planetary Change,. 2016a,143:189-195.
[3]	Zhao L Y, Li W, Lin L, et al. Field Investigation on River Hydrochemical Characteristics and Larval and Juvenile Fish in the Source Region of the Yangtze River[J]. Water, 2019,11(7):1-20.
[4]	Gopal V, Shanmugasundaram A, Nithya B, et al. Water quality of the Uppanar estuary, Southern India:implications on the level of dissolved nutrients and trace elements[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2018, 130:279-286.
[5]	Noh H, Huh Y, Qin J, et al. Chemical weathering in the Three Rivers region of Eastern Tibet[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2009, 73(7):1857-1877.
[6]	Zhou Li, Jun Xiao, Jaivime Evaristo, et al. Spatiotemporal variations in the hydrochemical characteristics and controlling factors of streamflow and groundwater in the Wei River of China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2019,254:113006.
[7]	刘晓琼,吴泽洲,刘彦随,等.1960~2015年青海三江源地区降水时空特征[J]. 地理学报, 2019,74(9):1803-1820. Liu Y Q, Wu Z Z, Liu Y S, et al. Temporal and spatial characteristics of precipitation in the Three River Source Region of Qinghai from 1960 to 2015, China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019,74(9):1803-1820.
[8]	Liu S Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y S, et al. Estimation of glacier runoff and future trends in the Yangtze River source region, China[J]. Journal of Glaciology, 2009,55(190):353-362.
[9]	Shen Y P, Wang G Y, Wang G X, et al. Impacts of climate change on glacial water resources and hydrological cycles in the Yangtze River source region, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China:A Progress Report[J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions, 2009,1(6):0475-0495.
[10]	Qu B, Sillanpaa M, Zhang Y, et al. Water chemistry of the headwaters of the Yangtze River[J]. Environmental earth Sciences, 2015,74(8):6443-6458.
[11]	邓伟.长江河源区水化学基本特征的研究[J]. 地理科学, 1988, 8(4):363-370. Deng W. Research on fundamental characteristics of hydrochemistry in the region of the Changjiang River Headwater, China[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 1988,8(4):363-370.
[12]	Li Z J, Li Z X, Song L L, et al. Environment significance and hydrochemical characteristics of supra-permafrost water in the source region of the Yangtze River[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018,644:1141-1151.
[13]	Jiang L, Yao Z, Liu Z, et al. Hydrochemistry and its controlling factors of rivers in the source region of the Yangtze River on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2015,155(76-83).
[14]	Bin Q, Yulan Z, Shichang K, et al. Water quality in the Tibetan Plateau:Major ions and trace elements in rivers of the "Water Tower of Asia"[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2019,649:571-581.
[15]	谭立渭,李富学,李振萍,等.沱沱河多年冻土区地下水特征及开发利用研究[J]. 人民黄河, 2016,38(5):62-67. Tan L W, Li F X, Li Z P, et al. Study on groundwater characteristics and development in permafrost region of Tuotuo River, China[J]. Yellow River, 2016,38(5):62-67.
[16]	李志良,宋英进.让江源之说回归真实[J]. 地域研究与开发, 2010,29(2):139-144. Li Z L, Song Y J. Let the source of the Yangtze River return true said, China[J]. Areal Research and Development, 2010,29(2):139-144.
[17]	三江源科学考察领导小组办公室.三江源头科学考察报告[R]. 青海:三江源科学考察领导小组办公室, 2009. Sanjiangyuan Scientific Investigation Leading Group. A scientific investigation report on the source of Sanjiang river[R]. Qinghai:Office Sanjiangyuan Scientific Investigation Leading Group, 2009.
[18]	陈进.长江源-当曲水系及其生态系统特征探讨[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2014,31(10):1-6. Chen J. One of the source of Yangtze River:Dangqu River Basin and its ecological system, China[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2014,31(10):1-6.
[19]	Chen B B, Li S L, Pogge von Strandmann Philip A E, et al. Ca isotope constraints on chemical weathering processes:Evidence from headwater in the Changjiang River, China[J]. Chemical Geology 2020, 531:119341.
[20]	Han P, Long D, Han Z, et al. Improved understanding of snowmelt runoff from the headwaters of China's Yangtze River using remotely sensed snow products and hydrological modeling[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2019,224:44-59.
[21]	张海红.长江源及其周边地区蒸发量特征及变化趋势研究[J]. 水资源与水工程学报, 2004,24(3):49-52. Zhang Y P. Research of evaporation characteristics and its variation tendency in the source of the Yangtze river and the region around, China[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering, 2004, 24(3):49-52.
[22]	李志威.三江源河床演变与湿地退化机制研究[D]. 北京:清华大学, 2013. Li Z W. Fluvial Processes and wetland Degradation Mechanism of the Sanjiangyuan Source, China[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University, 2013.
[23]	吴珊珊.沱沱河流域冰川变化对气候变化的响应及其对径流的影响[D]. 北京:中国科学院研究生院, 2012. Wu S S. Response of glacier changes to climate change and their influence on the runoff in Tuotuo River Basin, China[D]. Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2012.
[24]	钱开铸,吕京京,裴超重,等.长江源区通天河基流的计算与分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2011,34(3):511-518. Qian K T, Lv J J, Pei C Z, et al. Calculation and analysis of baseflow of Tongtian River in the source region of Yangtze River, China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2011,34(3):511-518.
[25]	HJ 84-2016水质无机阴离子的测定离子色谱法[S]. HJ 84-2016 Water Quality-Determination of Inorganic Anions-Ion Chromatography[S].
[26]	Gran G. Determination of the equivalence point in potentiometric titrations. Part Ⅱ[J]. Analyst, 1952,77:661-671.
[27]	Raju N J, Shukla U K, Ram P. Hydrogeochemistry for the assessment of groundwater quality in Varanasi:a fast-urbanizing center in Uttar Pradesh, India[J]. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment, 2011,173(1-4):279-300.
[28]	Gaillardet J, Viers J, Dupré B. 7.7-trace elements in river waters[J]. Treatise on Geochemistry, 2014,181:195-235.
[29]	左禹政,安艳玲,吴起鑫,等.贵州省都柳江流域水化学特征研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(7):2684-269. Zuo Y Z, An Y L, Wu Q X, et al. Study on the hydrochemical characteristics of Duliu River basin in Guizhou province[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(7):2684-2690.
[30]	张馨月,马沛明,高千红,等.三峡大坝上下游水质时空变化特征[J]. 湖泊科学, 2019,31(3):27-39. Zhang X Y, Ma P M, Gao Q H, et al. Spatial-temporal variations of water quality in upstream and downstream of Three Gorges Dam, China[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2019,31(3):27-39.
[31]	夏学齐,杨忠芳,王亚平,等.长江水系河水主要离子化学特征[J]. 地学前缘, 2008,15(5):194-202. Xia X Q, Yang X Q, Wang Y P, at al. Major ion chemistry in the Yangtze River, China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2008,15(5):194-202.
[32]	Chen J S, WangF Y, Xia X H, et al. Major element chemistry of the Changjiang (Yangtze River)[J]. chemical geology, 2002,187(3):231-255.
[33]	Meybeck M, Helmer R. The quality of rivers:from pristine stage to global pollution[J]. Palaeogeog Palaeoclimat Palaoecol, 1989,75:283-309.
[34]	Gibbs RJ. Mechanism controlling world water chemistry[J]. Science, 1970,170(3962):1088-1090.
[35]	El Alfy M, Lashin A, Abdalla F, et al. Assessing the hydrogeochemical processes affecting groundwater pollution in arid areas using an integration of geochemical equilibrium and multivariate statistical techniques[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017,229:760-770.
[36]	Long J, Luo K L. Elements in surface and well water from the central North China Plain:Enrichment patterns, origins, and health risk assessment[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2020,258:1-13.
[37]	Varol M. Assessment of heavymetal contamination in sediments of the Tigris River (Turkey) using pollution indices and multivariate statistical techniques[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011,195:355-364.
[38]	Khadka U R, Ramanathan A. Major ion composition and seasonal variation in the Lesser Himalayan lake:Case of Begnas Lake of the Pokhara Valley, Nepal[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2013, 6(11):4191-4206.
[39]	Xiao J, Jin Z D, Ding H, et al. Geochemistry and solute sources of surface waters of the Tarim River Basin in the extreme arid region, NW Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2012,54:162-173.
[40]	Thomas J, Joseph S, Thrivikramji K P, et al. Seasonal variation in major ion chemistry of a tropical mountain river, the southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India[J]. Environmental earth sciences, 2014,71(5):2333-2351.
[41]	朱秉启,杨小平.塔克拉玛干沙漠天然水体的化学特征及其成因[J]. 科学通报, 2007,52(13):1561-1566. Zhu B Q, Yang X P. Chemical characteristics and origin of natural water in the Taklimakan Desert. Chinese Science Bulletin, China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2007,52(13):1561-1566.
[42]	曹晏风,张明军,瞿德业,等.祁连山东端地表及地下水水化学时空变化特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(4):277-286. Cao Y F, Zhang M J, Zhai DY, et al. Temporal-spatial variation of surface and undergroundwater chemistry in the eastern part of Qilian Mountains[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(4):277-286.
[43]	Meybeck, M. Global chemical weathering of surficial rocks estimated from river dissolved loads[J]. American Journal of Science, 1987, 287(5):401-428.
[44]	Zhang B, Song X, Zhang Y, et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality assessment of surface water and groundwater in Songnen plain, Northeast China[J]. Water Research, 2012,46(8):2737-2748.