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Observation and modeling study of the influence of aerosol radiation effect on meteorology and environment |
YANG Jian-bo1,2,3, CAI Zi-ying3, YANG Xu3, XING Rui4, MENG Li-hong1,2, LI Ying-hua1,2 |
1. Tianjin Institute of Meteorological Science, Tianjin 300074, China; 2. Tianjin Key Laboratory for Oceanic Meteorology, Tianjin 300074, China; 3. CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research, Tianjin 300074, China; 4. Tianjin Binhai New Area Meteorological Service, Tianjin 300457, China |
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Abstract Two representative years (2015 and 2019) were selected to investigate the impact of aerosol radiation effect on bulk atmospheric transmissivity and incoming solar radiation, as well as the evolution of such effect, on the basis of in-situ observation and numerical simulation. With the application of the online coupled atmospheric chemistry model WRF-Chem, the feedback mechanism of aerosol radiative effect on the vertical distribution of meteorological factors, the boundary layer structures and the PM2.5 concentration during heavy pollution episodes were analyzed. Results showed that: haze pollution could lead to the obvious decline of bulk atmospheric transmissivity and this effect was dominant at noon. In spring, autumn and winter, haze pollution could lead to the reduction of bulk atmospheric transmissivity by 0.09, 0.11 and 0.09 at noon, respectively. The annual mean atmospheric transmissivity was reduced by about 15.5% due to haze pollution. While atmospheric transmissivity reduction due to cloud cover was about 22.4%, compared to clear days. The impact of aerosol and cloud on atmospheric transmissivity was also related to solar elevation angle. When the solar elevation angle was higher than 60°, haze pollution could lead to a reduction of atmospheric transmissivity of 8.6%. The attenuation of aerosol radiation effect on solar radiation would be enhanced with the aggravation of haze pollution. As the air quality level in Tianjin changing from I to Ⅵ, the mean incoming shortwave radiation flux at noon would be 484, 446, 439, 342, 328 and 253W/m2, respectively. During heavy pollution episode, the aerosol radiation effect could lead to cooling (0.8 ℃) and moistening (3.8%) of near-surface layer (below 250m), as well as heating (0.5℃) and drying (2.4%) of upper layer (300~1900m), which would then lead to the enhancement of inversion intensity and the weakening of vertical diffusion. This would finally form the positive aerosol-radiation-boundary layer-pollution feedback, hence lead to the further enhancement of PM2.5 concentration (up to 40µg/m3) near the surface, and this effect was more evident at about 16:00 in the afternoon. Since the implementation of atmospheric pollution prevention and control actions, the air quality in Tianjin has been continuously improved. Compared to 2015, the annual average PM2.5 concentration of 2019 in Tianjin was reduced by 27.1% and the number of polluted days was reduced by 43.8%. As a result, the attenuation effect of aerosol on solar radiation was weakened, as the haze pollution would lead to the reduction of noontime atmospheric transmissivity by 0.05 in the winter of 2019. Air pollution (AQI grade higher than Ⅳ) would reduce the incident shortwave radiation by 85.3W/m2 at noontime. Nonetheless, during heavy pollution episode in 2019, the aerosol radiation effect could still exert a nonnegligible impact on the aggravation of pollution levels (up to 20µg/m3) through the modification of vertical atmospheric stratification.
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Received: 09 June 2022
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