Assessing the impact of condensable particulate matter emissions on PM2.5 pollution in Beijing

LI Hong-lin; SONG Guo-jun; JIANG Yi-jing; JIANG Xiao-qun; LI Chen; SHI Yu

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China Environmental Science ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12) : 6301-6312.

Air Pollution Control

Assessing the impact of condensable particulate matter emissions on PM_2.5 pollution in Beijing

LI Hong-lin, SONG Guo-jun, JIANG Yi-jing, JIANG Xiao-qun, LI Chen, SHI Yu

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Abstract

Condensable particulate matter (CPM) is recognized as a precursor to PM_2.5. Extensive industrial research in China reveals substantial CPM emissions from coal and gas-fired boilers, cooling towers, and other sources, all potentially contributing to haze formation. Despite its notable impact, CPM is seldom considered in cause analyses of PM_2.5 emissions. An analysis of Beijing's air quality monitoring data reveals a significant increase in the PM_2.5/PM₁₀ ratio during periods when PM_2.5 levels exceed standard limits, indicating a clear and growing trend of secondary pollution. In contrast, the emissions and ambient concentrations of traditional primary precursors, such as SO₂ and NO₂, are decreasing, displaying no significant correlation with PM_2.5/PM₁₀ ratios or PM_2.5 accumulation rates. Our estimates suggest that the contribution to PM_2.5 in ambient air in Beijing from CPM emissions from gas heating sources is at least equivalent to that from NO_x. Additionally, static and high-humidity conditions, conducive to PM_2.5 pollution, likely intensify CPM agglomeration and conversion. This study suggests a substantial, previously underestimated, impact of CPM on Beijing's PM_2.5 secondary pollution and underscores the need for regulatory oversight on CPM emissions. We recommend the implementation and promotion of advanced technologies for the concurrent benefits of water vapor and waste heat recycling, alongside efficient haze reduction.

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analysis of emission cause / condensable particulate matter / PM_2.5

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LI Hong-lin, SONG Guo-jun, JIANG Yi-jing, JIANG Xiao-qun, LI Chen, SHI Yu. Assessing the impact of condensable particulate matter emissions on PM_2.5 pollution in Beijing[J]. China Environmental Science. 2023, 43(12): 6301-6312

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