Optimized preparation of high specific surface area pomelo peel-based biochar by Box-Behnken design and its methylene blue adsorption mechanism

SONG Yong-wei; LUO Hao-wei; YANG Jun; GUO Ze-hao; WANG He-ru; SHEN Zu-wu

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China Environmental Science ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12) : 6363-6373.

Optimized preparation of high specific surface area pomelo peel-based biochar by Box-Behnken design and its methylene blue adsorption mechanism

SONG Yong-wei^1,2, LUO Hao-wei¹, YANG Jun^1,2, GUO Ze-hao¹, WANG He-ru³, SHEN Zu-wu⁴

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Abstract

Pomelo peel was used as a non-traditional precursor to prepare pomelo peel-based biochar (PPBC) by one-step carbonization-activation method. The effect of three crucial preparation variables, activation temperature (x₁), impregnation ratio (x₂), and activation time (x₃), on the methylene blue adsorption value was investigated by Box-Behnken design (BBD). The results showed that the significance of the single factor affecting the methylene blue adsorption value was x₃ > x₁ > x₂, and the interactive item was x₁x₃> x₂x₃ (the x₁x₂ item was not significant). Under the optimum preparation conditions of activation temperature of 924°C, impregnation ratio of 4 and activation time of 133 min, the maximum methylene blue adsorption value predicted by the model was 216.80 mg/g, and that of the experimental value was 215.69 mg/g. Both of them were in good agreement with each other, which indicated that the constructed response surface model could optimize the preparation process of PPBC very well. In addition, the physicochemical properties of PPBC prepared under optimal conditions were analyzed by BET, SEM, and FTIR, and the adsorption mechanisms of methylene blue were investigated. The surface of PPBC contained abundant and heterogeneous pores with a specific surface area as high as 1222.40m²/g, and its adsorption of methylene blue was mainly through the synergistic effects of pore filling, electrostatic interaction, π-π stacking interaction, and hydrogen bonding. PPBC has the potential as a biosorbent for the treatment of methylene blue dye wastewater.

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adsorption / Box-Behnken design / methylene blue / optimized preparation / pomelo peel-based biochar

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SONG Yong-wei, LUO Hao-wei, YANG Jun, GUO Ze-hao, WANG He-ru, SHEN Zu-wu. Optimized preparation of high specific surface area pomelo peel-based biochar by Box-Behnken design and its methylene blue adsorption mechanism[J]. China Environmental Science. 2023, 43(12): 6363-6373

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