Influence of extreme drought in 2022 on groundwater hydrological regime in the Poyang Lake floodplain area

CAO Si-jia; LI Yun-liang; CHEN Jing; YAO Jing; ZHAO Gui-zhang; LI Zhi-ping

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China Environmental Science ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12) : 6601-6610.

Environmental Ecology

Influence of extreme drought in 2022 on groundwater hydrological regime in the Poyang Lake floodplain area

CAO Si-jia¹, LI Yun-liang¹, CHEN Jing^2,3, YAO Jing¹, ZHAO Gui-zhang⁴, LI Zhi-ping⁴

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Abstract

The recognition and attention of groundwater in the river-lake system was done gradually strengthened. The current research used the floodplain area of Poyang Lake as our study area. We further used the FEFLOW groundwater flow model to quantitatively evaluate the spatiotemporal responses of floodplain groundwater under the extreme drought condition in 2022. The simulation results showed that the continuous impact of extreme drought on Poyang Lake in 2022 mainly occurs in the second half of the year. The extreme droughtleaded to a significant decrease of floodplain groundwater level and an overall acceleration of groundwater flow velocity in the lake’s floodplain. The decreasing trends of both the groundwater level and flow velocity exhibited an obvious spatial heterogeneity. In general, the maximum drop of groundwater levels affected by the extreme drought reaches about 5m, and the groundwater flow velocity was about once-twice than that of the normal year. In addition, extreme drought might result in a significant decline in rainfall recharge and a significant increase in groundwater discharge (into the lake), contributed to the decline of floodplain groundwater storage. On an annual scale, the extreme drought might lead to increasing groundwater discharge of 16.2×10⁶m³ in the study area, which was about 14.5 times than that of groundwater discharge in the normal year. Poyang Lake and its floodplain are important drainage and ecological barrier areas of the whole basin groundwater flow system, and therefore, this study highlights the importance of lake and groundwater hydrological responses.

Key words

extreme drought event / groundwater flow simulation / groundwater storage volume / hydrological and hydrodynamic / numerical simulation / Poyang Lake floodplain

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CAO Si-jia, LI Yun-liang, CHEN Jing, YAO Jing, ZHAO Gui-zhang, LI Zhi-ping. Influence of extreme drought in 2022 on groundwater hydrological regime in the Poyang Lake floodplain area[J]. China Environmental Science. 2023, 43(12): 6601-6610

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