|
|
|
| Research advances on the disintegration mechanisms and remediation strategies of aerobic granular sludge |
| GUO Yuan1, FENG Si-qi1, QUAN Chen-yan1, LI Jia-ke1, WANG Xin-hua2, SHI Wen-xin3 |
1. Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China;
2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;
3. College of Environmental and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology, which is expected to replace conventional activated sludge process, has been promised as the next generation technology of biological wastewater treatment. However, it has a key bottleneck problem that aerobic granules are easy to disintegrate, and then cause system instability under the long-term operation, so it is difficult to be applied in large-scale engineering. Through literature analysis and organization, a variety of adverse factors causing granules disintegration, their hazard threshold and reaction mechanisms were systematically summarized. Moreover, current recovery strategies for disintegrated granules, their effectiveness and re-granulation mechanisms were reviewed. Based on limitations of current research, this work proposed the future research directions, aim at realizing the dynamically stable operation of the AGS systems through the circle of disintegration to re-granulation. Finally, it is expected to promote the low-carbon transformation of the wastewater treatment plants by practically adopting AGS technology.
|
|
Received: 04 June 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] |
Franca R D G, Pinheiro H M, van Loosdrecht M C M, et al. Stability of aerobic granules during long-term bioreactor operation [J]. Biotechnology Advances, 2017,36(1):228-246.
|
| [2] |
Loosdrecht M, Brdjanovic D. Anticipating the next century of wastewater treatment [J]. Science, 2014,344(6191):1452-1453.
|
| [3] |
Winkler M K H, van Loosdrecht M C M. Intensifying existing urban wastewater [J]. Science, 2022,375(6579):377-378.
|
| [4] |
刘宏波,杨昌柱,濮文虹,等.进水氨氮浓度对好氧颗粒污泥的影响研究[J]. 环境科学, 2009,30(7):2030-2034. Liu H B, Yang C Z, Pu W H, et al. Effect of Ammonia Concentration on the Characteristic of Aerobic Granular Sludge [J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Science, 2009,30(7):2030-2034.
|
| [5] |
李志华,付进芳,李胜,等.好氧颗粒污泥处理综合城市污水的中试研究[J]. 中国给水排水, 2011,27(15):4-8. Li Z H, Fu J F, Li S, et al. Pilot Study on Aerobic Granular Sludge for Treating Comprehensive Municipal Wastewater [J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2011,27(15):4-8.
|
| [6] |
龙焙,杨腾飞,程媛媛,等.高氨氮对连续流状态下好氧颗粒污泥稳定性的影响[J]. 中国给水排水, 2017,33(3):12-17. Long B, Yang T F, Cheng Y Y, et al. Stability of Aerobic Granular Sludge in a Continuous Flow Reactor with High Ammonia Nitrogen Concentration [J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2017,33(3):12-17.
|
| [7] |
Juang Y, Adav S S, Lee D, et al. Stable aerobic granules for continuous-flow reactors:precipitating calcium and iron salts in granular interiors [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2010,101(21):8051-8057.
|
| [8] |
Peyong Y N, Zhou Y, Abdullah A Z, et al. The effect of organic loading rates and nitrogenous compounds on the aerobic granules developed using low strength wastewater [J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2012,67:52-59.
|
| [9] |
Huang W, Wang W, Shi W, et al. Use low direct current electric field to augment nitrification and structural stability of aerobic granular sludge when treating low COD/NH4-N wastewater [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014,171:139-144.
|
| [10] |
Zheng X, Sun P, Lou J, et al. Inhibition of free ammonia to the granule-based enhanced biological phosphorus removal system and the recoverability [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013,148:343-351.
|
| [11] |
Li Z H, Wang X C. Effects of salinity on the morphological characteristics of aerobic granules [J]. Water Science and Technology, 2008,58(12):2421-2426.
|
| [12] |
Quartaroli L, Silva C M, Silva L C F, et al. Effect of the gradual increase of salt on stability and microbial diversity of granular sludge and ammonia removal [J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019,248:109273.
|
| [13] |
Ramos C, Suarez-Ojeda M E, Carrera J. Long-term impact of salinity on the performance and microbial population of an aerobic granular reactor treating a high-strength aromatic wastewater [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2015,198:844-851.
|
| [14] |
Li J, Ma Z, Gao M, et al. Enhanced aerobic granulation at low temperature by stepwise increasing of salinity [J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2020,722:137660.
|
| [15] |
Meng F, Huang W, Liu D, et al. Application of aerobic granules-continuous flow reactor for saline wastewater treatment:Granular stability, lipid production and symbiotic relationship between bacteria and algae [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2020,295:122291.
|
| [16] |
Luo J, Hao T, Wei L, et al. Impact of influent COD/N ratio on disintegration of aerobic granular sludge [J]. Water Research, 2014, 62:127-135.
|
| [17] |
Sarvajith M, Reddy G K K, Nancharaiah Y V. Aerobic granular sludge for high-strength ammonium wastewater treatment:Effect of COD/N ratios, long-term stability and nitrogen removal pathways [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2020,306:123150.
|
| [18] |
Kocaturk I, Erguder T H. Influent COD/TAN ratio affects the carbon and nitrogen removal efficiency and stability of aerobic granules [J]. Ecological Engineering, 2016,90:12-24.
|
| [19] |
Cha L, Liu Y, Duan W, et al. Fluctuation and re-establishment of aerobic granules properties during the long-term operation period with low-strength and low C/N ratio wastewater [J]. Processes, 2021,9(8):1290.
|
| [20] |
毛世超,王燕萍,陈芳媛.低碳氮比废水好氧颗粒污泥系统稳定性及微生物种群多样性研究[J]. 环境化学, 2021,40(3):904-913. Mao S C, Wang Y P, Chen F Y. Stability and microbial diversity of the aerobic granular sludge under low carbon to nitrogen ratio [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2021,40(3):904-913.
|
| [21] |
Wagner J, Weissbrodt D G, Manguin V, et al. Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors [J]. Water Research, 2015,85:158-166.
|
| [22] |
Sun F Y, Yang C Y, Li J Y, et al. Influence of different substrates on the formation and characteristics of aerobic granules in sequencing batch reactors [J]. Journal of Environmental Science (China), 2006, 18(5):864-871.
|
| [23] |
Rollemberg S L D S, de Oliveira L Q, Barros A R M, et al. Effects of carbon source on the formation, stability, bioactivity and biodiversity of the aerobic granule sludge [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019,278:195-204.
|
| [24] |
Lashkarizadeh M, Yuan Q, Oleszkiewicz J A. Influence of carbon source on nutrient removal performance and physical-chemical characteristics of aerobic granular sludge [J]. Environmental Technology, 2015,36(17):2161-2167.
|
| [25] |
Muñoz-Palazon B, Rodriguez-Sanchez A, Hurtado-Martinez M, et al. Performance and microbial community structure of an aerobic granular sludge system at different phenolic acid concentrations [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019,376:58-67.
|
| [26] |
Zhu L, Dai X, Zhou J, et al. The stability of aerobic granular sludge under 4-chloroaniline shock in a sequential air-lift bioreactor (SABR) [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013,140:126-130.
|
| [27] |
Amorim C L, Moreira I S, Ribeiro A R, et al. Treatment of a simulated wastewater amended with a chiral pharmaceuticals mixture by an aerobic granular sludge sequencing batch reactor [J]. International biodeterioration & biodegradation, 2016,115:277-285.
|
| [28] |
Cai P J, Xiao X, He Y R, et al. Disintegration of aerobic granules induced by trans-2-decenoic acid [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013,128:823-826.
|
| [29] |
Zheng X, Wang X, Huang X, et al. Effects of Cu2+ on morphological structure, functional groups, and elemental composition of aerobic granular sludge [J]. Environmental Technology, 2013,34(2):219-224.
|
| [30] |
Wan C, Zhang P, Lee D, et al. Disintegration of aerobic granules:Role of second messenger cyclic di-GMP [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013,146:330-335.
|
| [31] |
Zhang Y, Tay J. Toxic and inhibitory effects of trichloroethylene aerobic co-metabolism on phenol-grown aerobic granules [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015,286:204-210.
|
| [32] |
Liu Y, Tay J. Cultivation of aerobic granules in a bubble column and an airlift reactor with divided draft tubes at low aeration rate [J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2007,34(1):1-7.
|
| [33] |
Mosquera Corral A, De Kreuk M K, Heijnen J J, et al. Effects of oxygen concentration on N-removal in an aerobic granular sludge reactor [J]. Water Research, 2005,39(12):2676-2686.
|
| [34] |
De Kreuk M V, Van Loosdrecht M V. Selection of slow growing organisms as a means for improving aerobic granular sludge stability [J]. Water Science and Technology, 2004,49(11/12):9-17.
|
| [35] |
De Kreuk M K, Heijnen J J, Van Loosdrecht M. Simultaneous COD, nitrogen, and phosphate removal by aerobic granular sludge [J]. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005,90(6):761-769.
|
| [36] |
Chen Y, Jiang W, Liang D T, et al. Structure and stability of aerobic granules cultivated under different shear force in sequencing batch reactors [J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2007,76(5):1199-1208.
|
| [37] |
Tay J H, Liu Q S, Liu Y. The effect of upflow air velocity on the structure of aerobic granules cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor [J]. Water Science and Technology, 2004,49(11/12):35-40.
|
| [38] |
Tay J, Liu Q, Liu Y. The effects of shear force on the formation, structure and metabolism of aerobic granules [J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2001,57(1):227-233.
|
| [39] |
Xu J, Ju H, He J, et al. The Performance of Aerobic Granular Sludge Under Different Aeration Strategies at Low Temperature [J]. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2022,233(2):43.
|
| [40] |
Li Z H, Kuba T, Kusuda T, et al. Effect of rotifers on the stability of aerobic granules [J]. Environment Technology, 2007,28(2):235-242.
|
| [41] |
傅金祥,唐玉兰,王海彪,等.不同pH值下好氧颗粒污泥形成过程与特性[J]. 沈阳建筑大学学报:自然科学版, 2010,26(4). Fu J X, Tang Y L, Wang H B, et al. Effect of pH on formation processes and properties of aerobic granular sludge [J]. Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Natural Science), 2020,26(4).
|
| [42] |
Wan C, Yang X, Lee D J, et al. Formation of filamentous aerobic granules:role of pH and mechanism [J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2014,98(19):8389-8397.
|
| [43] |
张立楠,宣鑫鹏,程媛媛,等.不同pH下好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性[J]. 有色金属科学与工程, 2019,10(1):87-91. Zhang L N, Xuan X P, Cheng Y Y, et al. Effect of pH on stability of aerobic granular sludge [J]. 2019,10(1):87-91.
|
| [44] |
Lashkarizadeh M, Munz G, Oleszkiewicz J A. Impacts of variable pH on stability and nutrient removal efficiency of aerobic granular sludge [J]. Water Science and Technology, 2016,73(1):60-68.
|
| [45] |
暴瑞玲,于水利,王玉兰,等.温度对好氧颗粒污泥脱氮性能及颗粒稳定性的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2009,29(7):697-701. Bao R L, Yu S L, Wang Y L, et al. Effect of temperature on performance of ammonia nitrogen removal with aerobic granular sludge and granule stability [J]. China Environmental Science, 2009, 29(7):679-701.
|
| [46] |
De Kreuk M K, Pronk M, Van Loosdrecht M. Formation of aerobic granules and conversion processes in an aerobic granular sludge reactor at moderate and low temperatures [J]. Water Research, 2005, 39(18):4476-4484.
|
| [47] |
Ab Halim M H, Nor Anuar A, Azmi S I, et al. Aerobic sludge granulation at high temperatures for domestic wastewater treatment [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2015,185:445-449.
|
| [48] |
Gonzalez Martinez A, Muñoz Palazon B, Rodriguez-Sanchez A, et al. Start-up and operation of an aerobic granular sludge system under low working temperature inoculated with cold-adapted activated sludge from Finland [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017,239:180-189.
|
| [49] |
Jiang Y, Liu Y, Zhang H, et al. Aerobic granular sludge shows enhanced resistances to the long-term toxicity of Cu(II) [J]. Chemosphere, 2020,253:126664.
|
| [50] |
Moy B P, Tay J H, Toh S K, et al. High organic loading influences the physical characteristics of aerobic sludge granules [J]. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 2002,34(6):407-412.
|
| [51] |
Li A, Yang S, Li X, et al. Microbial population dynamics during aerobic sludge granulation at different organic loading rates [J]. Water Research, 2008,42(13):3552-3560.
|
| [52] |
Tay J, Pan S, He Y, et al. Effect of organic loading rate on aerobic granulation. II:characteristics of aerobic granules [J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2004,130(10):1102-1109.
|
| [53] |
Zheng Y, Yu H, Liu S, et al. Formation and instability of aerobic granules under high organic loading conditions [J]. Chemosphere, 2006,63(10):1791-1800.
|
| [54] |
Long B, Yang C, Pu W, et al. Tolerance to organic loading rate by aerobic granular sludge in a cyclic aerobic granular reactor [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2015,182:314-322.
|
| [55] |
Hamza R A, Sheng Z, Iorhemen O T, et al. Impact of food-to-microorganisms ratio on the stability of aerobic granular sludge treating high-strength organic wastewater [J]. Water Research, 2018, 147:287-298.
|
| [56] |
Wu D, Zhang Z, Yu Z, et al. Optimization of F/M ratio for stability of aerobic granular process via quantitative sludge discharge [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018,252:150-156.
|
| [57] |
Li A, Li X, Yu H. Effect of the food-to-microorganism (F/M) ratio on the formation and size of aerobic sludge granules [J]. Process Biochemistry, 2011,46(12):2269-2276.
|
| [58] |
高大文,刘琳.不同饥饿时间下稳态好氧颗粒污泥系统的特性和动力学分析[J]. 中国科学:化学, 2011,41(1):97-104. Gao D W, Liu L. The characteristics and kinetic behaviors of steady-state aerobic granules under different aerobic starvation [J]. Scientia Sinica Chimica, 2011, 41(1):97-104.
|
| [59] |
Liu Y Q, Tay J H. Influence of starvation time on formation and stability of aerobic granules in sequencing batch reactors [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2008,99(5):980-985.
|
| [60] |
Pijuan M, Werner U, Yuan Z. Effect of long term anaerobic and intermittent anaerobic/aerobic starvation on aerobic granules [J]. Water Research, 2009,43(14):3622-3632.
|
| [61] |
Ersan Y C, Erguder T H. The effects of aerobic/anoxic period sequence on aerobic granulation and COD/N treatment efficiency [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013,148:149-156.
|
| [62] |
Zhang H, Dong F, Jiang T, et al. Aerobic granulation with low strength wastewater at low aeration rate in A/O/A SBR reactor [J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2011,49(2):215-222.
|
| [63] |
Corsino S F, di Biase A, Devlin T R, et al. Effect of extended famine conditions on aerobic granular sludge stability in the treatment of brewery wastewater [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017,226:150-157.
|
| [64] |
Zhu L, Yu Y, Dai X, et al. Optimization of selective sludge discharge mode for enhancing the stability of aerobic granular sludge process [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2013,217:442-446.
|
| [65] |
Zhang Z, Yu Z, Wang Z, et al. Understanding of aerobic sludge granulation enhanced by sludge retention time in the aspect of quorum sensing [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019,272:226-234.
|
| [66] |
汪善全,孔云华,原媛,等.好氧颗粒污泥中丝状微生物生长研究[J]. 环境科学, 2008,(3):696-702. Wang S Q, Kong Y H, Yuan Y, et al. Filamentous overgrowth in aerobic granules [J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Science, 2008, (3):696-702.
|
| [67] |
Castellanos R M, Dias J M R, Dias Bassin I, et al. Effect of sludge age on aerobic granular sludge:Addressing nutrient removal performance and biomass stability [J]. Process safety and environmental protection, 2021,149:212-222.
|
| [68] |
Liu Y, Liu Q. Causes and control of filamentous growth in aerobic granular sludge sequencing batch reactors [J]. Biotechnology Advances, 2006,24(1):115-127.
|
| [69] |
王新华,张捍民,杨凤林,等.解体好氧颗粒污泥修复[J]. 大连理工大学学报, 2010,50(2):183-187. Wang X H, Zhang H M, Yang F L, et al. Remediation of disintegrated aerobic granules [J]. 2010,50(2):183-187.
|
| [70] |
胡远超.外加AHLs和活性污泥对解体好氧颗粒污泥修复过程的影响[D]. 济南:山东大学, 2019. Hu Y C. Effects of exogenous AHLs and activated sludge on the repair process of disintegrated aerobic granular sludge [D]. Jinan:Shandong University, 2019.
|
| [71] |
Zou J, Pan J, Wu S, et al. Rapid control of activated sludge bulking and simultaneous acceleration of aerobic granulation by adding intact aerobic granular sludge [J]. The Science of the total environment, 2019,674:105-113.
|
| [72] |
Zou J, Yu F, Pan J, et al. Rapid start-up of an aerobic granular sludge system for nitrogen and phosphorus removal through seeding chitosan-based sludge aggregates [J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2021,762:144171.
|
| [73] |
Gao W, Hu Y, Jiao X, et al. Recovery of structure and activity of disintegrated aerobic granular sludge after long-term storage:Effect of exogenous N-acyl-homoserine lactones [J]. Chemosphere (Oxford), 2021,281:130894.
|
| [74] |
李昱欢,刘永军,李洋媚,等.解体好氧颗粒污泥强化修复及其微生物群落演替特征[J]. 工业水处理, 2017,37(6):39-43. Li Y H, Liu Y J, Li Y M, et al. Strengthening remediation of disintegrated aerobic granular sludge and its succession characteristics of micro-flora [J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2017,37(6):39-43.
|
| [75] |
王福琨,刘永军,宋雪松,等.颗粒污泥破碎-再形成过程中微生物胞外聚合物(EPS)的变化及其与污泥特性的相关性分析[J]. 环境化学, 2013,32(12):2233-2242. Wang F K, Liu Y J, Song X S, et al. Correlation of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) concentration and the sludge characteristics in the process of granular sludge breaking-reformulation under coagulation conditions [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2013,32(12):2233-2242.
|
| [76] |
Liu Y, Liu Z, Wang F, et al. Regulation of aerobic granular sludge reformulation after granular sludge broken:effect of poly aluminum chloride (PAC) [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014,158:201-208.
|
| [77] |
Tomar S K, Chakraborty S. Impact of thiocyanate on the reformation of aerobic granules from the disintegrated granules treating phenol-contained wastewater along with the recovery of nitritation efficiency [J]. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2020,36:101260.
|
| [78] |
魏燕杰,季民,李国一,等.投加粉末活性炭强化好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性[J]. 天津大学学报, 2012,45(3):247-253. Wen Y J, Ji M, Li G Y, et al. Enhancement of stability of aerobic granules by powdered activated carbon addition [J]. Journal of Tianjin University, 2012,45(3):247-253.
|
| [79] |
宣鑫鹏,张立楠,赵珏,等.膨胀颗粒污泥的恢复及其基质降解动力学[J]. 化工进展, 2018,37(8):3245-3251. Xuan X P, Zhang L N, Zhao Y, et al. Remediation of filamentous bulking granule and its substrate degradation kinetics [J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018,37(8):3245-3251.
|
| [80] |
龙焙,濮文虹,杨昌柱,等.失稳好氧颗粒污泥在SBR中的修复研究[J]. 中国给水排水, 2015,31(7):29-33. Long B, Pu W H, Yang C Z, et al. Research on remediation of instable aerobic granular sludge in sequencing batch reactor [J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2015,31(7):29-33.
|
| [81] |
Liu W, Wang C, Chen J, et al. Cold temperature drives the re-granulation of disintegrated partial nitritation granules in a continuous-flow reactor [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2022,378:134530.
|
| [82] |
王文啸,卞伟,李军,等.响应面法优化解体好氧颗粒污泥的修复方式[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(1):161-168. Wang W X, Bian W, Li J, et al. Optimizing the repairing method of decomposition aerobic granular sludge by response surface methodology [J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(1):161-168.
|
| [83] |
Verawaty M, Tait S, Pijuan M, et al. Breakage and growth towards a stable aerobic granule size during the treatment of wastewater [J]. Water Research, 2013,47(14):5338-5349.
|
| [84] |
Liu Y, Tay J. The essential role of hydrodynamic shear force in the formation of biofilm and granular sludge [J]. Water Research, 2002, 36(7):1653-1665.
|
| [85] |
Lv Y, Wan C, Lee D, et al. Microbial communities of aerobic granules:granulation mechanisms [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014,169:344-351.
|
|
|
|
