不同改性生物炭对稻田氮素损失及产量的影响

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Abstract In order to further explore the potential of biochar in rice ecosystems for efficiency, fertilizer savings and emission reduction, six treatments of maize stover biochar (B), acidified biochar (B_pH), nitrogen-loaded biochar (B_NH4), iron-modified biochar (B_Fe) and calcium-modified biochar (B_Ca) were set up in a 2-year experiment using no biochar as the control (CK) to study the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the biochar, the oxygen-containing functional groups, as well as rice yield, nitrogen extraction, ammonia volatilization, nitrogen leaching and soil nitrogen residues under their treatments were investigated. The results showed that B_pH, B_NH4 and B_Fe significantly increased the CEC of biochar (53.9%, 29.6% and 28.2%) compared with B. All four modified treatments significantly increased the concentration of oxygenated functional groups, such as -COOH, -OH, C=O, and O-H, to enhance the nitrogen uptake capacity of biochar. The cumulative ammonia volatilization ranged from 9.1 to 19.9kg/hm (2021) and 8.49 to 13.7kg/hm (2022) over the whole reproductive period, and except for B_NH4, which had a significant ammonia reducing effect (44.6%), B, B_pH, B_Ca, and B_Fe had no significant effect on ammonia volatilization in the first year; whereas, B_Ca, B_NH4, and B_Fe all significantly reduced ammonia volatilization by 33.5%, 37.5% and 37.8%, respectively, compared to CK. The four modified biochars reduced nitrogen leaching by 19.0% and 35.2% (B_pH), 15.0% and 21.0% (B_Ca), 11.3% and 28.7% (B_NH4), and 12.6% and 29.0% (B_Fe) compared to CK in 2consecutive years. B had no significant effect on yield in year 1effect in year 1, but significantly increased yield (8.8%) after 1year of aging; B_pH and B_NH4were both effective for 2consecutive years, increasing yield by 19.7% and 12.2% (2021), and 11.49% and 5.8% (2022), respectively. B_pH, B_Ca, and B_NH4significantly reduced reactive nitrogen emissions in 2 years, with reductions of 23.4%, 21.8% and 42.3% (2021) and 23.5%, 30.5% and 35.5% (2022); B_Fe 2a had a mixed effect, with a 25.9% enhancement in year 1and a 35.6% reduction in year 2. There were no significant differences in soil mineralized N residuals between biochar treatments in year 1; however, B_Ca, B_NH4, and B_Fe showed significant efficiency gains in year 2. When considering yield increases, reactive nitrogen reduction and mineralised nitrogen sustainability simultaneously, the best results for B_pH and B_NH4combined were achieved during the two-year trial, reducing ammonia volatilisation by 23.4% and 42.3% (2021), 23.5% and 35.5% (2022), NH₄⁺-N leaching by 18.9% and 10.6% (2021), 35.4% and 29.0% (2022), NO₃--N leaching 15.6% and 14.7% (2021), 24.5% and 23.4% (2022), nitrogen accumulation 1.1% and 13.4% (2021), 14.8% and 4.3% (2022) and mineralised nitrogen residues 1.3% and 15.0% (2021), 12.2% and 17.9% (2022), and finally 19.7% and 12.2% (2021), 11.5% and 5.7% (2022) rice yield increase, compared to CK.

Key words： different modified biochar surface water ammonia volatilization leaching loss rice yield nitrogen destination

Received: 09 February 2024

PACS:	X171.1
	S511
	S154.1

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	YI Ben-ji
	LIU Chang
	HAN Hong-wei
	ZHANG Feng
	CHEN Tao-tao
	MENG Jun
	CHI Dao-cai

Cite this article:

YI Ben-ji,LIU Chang,HAN Hong-wei等. Effect of different modified biochar treatments on nitrogen loss and rice yield in paddy fields[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(9): 5122-5133.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V44/I9/5122

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