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| Risk assessment of antimicrobial resistance |
| LI Hong-na1, YANG Zhen-zhen1, HE Xiao-jia2 |
1. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. The Administrative Center for China's Agenda 21, Beijing 100038, China |
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Abstract The effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs is threatened by the increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The development process of AMR risk assessment is systematically reviewed both domestically and internationally, and the general assessing processes and commonly used methods are summarized and analysed in this work as well. From the viewpoint of the government agency, only qualitative risk assessments can be conducted for specific drug-resistant bacteria or genes using models currently, which is mainly due to the lack of key variable data related with AMR in the environmental medium. As to the perspective of scientific research, the risk assessment of AMR has been continuously improved. It evolved from focusing on single drug-resistant bacteria, mobile genetic elements, drug-resistant genes, or virulence factors to paying attention to their co-occurrence integrally. Furthermore, comprehensive assessments based on the weights of drug-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes are also regarded. Based on the above analysis, this study concludes the main problems in current risk assessment of AMR. Moreover, challenges are put forward including lack of dose-response models, genotype control, and monitoring data acquisition of AMR. These findings will provide basic support for risk assessment and control of AMR in China.
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Received: 19 February 2024
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