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| Pollution characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols in PM2.5 during a regional heavy air pollution episode in winter in the Yangtze River Delta |
| SHA Dan-dan1, WANG Hong-lei1, ZHU Bin1, LIN Xu2, GUO Ting3, SHI Shuang-shuang1, JIANG Lin1, LI Yue'e1 |
1. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
2. Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310007, China;
3. Bengbu Meteorological Bureau, Bengbu 233040, China |
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Abstract To characterize the regional distribution and identify the sources of carbonaceous aerosol in a long-lasting regional haze episode, which happened in winter in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from Jan 16th to 26th in 2015, continuous measurements of PM2.5 were conducted from Jan 13th to 28th in 2015 in three cities-Nanjing, Suzhou, Lin'An. The carbonaceous components were quantified with the thermal optical reflectance (TOR) method. The results showed that:PM2.5 was the chief pollutant in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) during this haze episode. The daily average concentrations of PM2.5 in Nanjing, Suzhou and Lin'An during haze episode were 176.84, 176.65 and 158.07μg/m3, respectively, and they were 1.91, 2.01 and 2.97 times as high as the concentrations in clean days, respectively. The carbonaceous aerosol were the important part of PM2.5, and the proportions of TC in PM2.5 were 18%, 21% and 23% in Nanjing, Suzhou and Lin'An, respectively. During light polluted days and moderate or heavy polluted days, the mass concentrations of OC were 20.75 and 32.64μg/m3, which were 1.66 and 2.61 times as high as the concentrations in clean days; the mass concentrations of EC were 5.41 and 8.87 μg/m3, which were 2.06 and 3.37 times as high as the concentrations in clean days. The characteristics of different carbonaceous components varied during the polluted episode; the mass concentrations of the primary and secondary organic carbon (POC, SOC) and Char-EC increased from clean days to the heavy polluted days. However, the mass concentrations of Soot-EC almost remained unchanged. The peak of diurnal variation of OC and EC appeared at 15:00 to 20:40. During the polluted episode, the main sources of carbonaceous aerosols were coal burning and vehicle emission. What's more, biomass burning also contributed to OC and EC burden, while the contribution of diesel vehicle was little. During the clean days, the air trajectories came from the sea, where the air was clean, caused the simple sources of carbonaceous aerosols; the sources of carbonaceous aerosols during the heavy polluted days, where the air trajectories came from the northwest and the provinces surrounding the YDR, became complicated on account of the pollution from local sources mixing with the pollution from regional transporting.
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Received: 29 March 2017
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