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| Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of organic phosphorus flame retardant in snow water of Nanjing |
| WANG Yi-xuan1,2, ZHANG Qin2, SONG Ning-hui2, ZHANG Sheng-hu2, TAO LI-Yue3, ZHAO Yuan1, HAN Zhi-hua2 |
1. School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China;
2. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Nanjing 210042, China;
3. Nanjing Water Planning and Designing Institute. Corp. Ltd, Nanjing 210000, China |
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Abstract Thirteen types of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in snow water in the urban and suburban areas of Nanjing were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS. The concentrations, pollution characteristics and health risk were also studied along with the source analysis of OPEs. The results showed that 11 types of OPEs were detected in snow water. The total concentration of these 11 OPEs (∑11OPEs) ranged from 229.1ng/L to 1175.0ng/L, with the average concentration of 746.0ng/L. The samples with highest concentration of OPEs were collected at Maqun, a dense commercial and residential district, and the samples with minimum concentration were collected at the chemical park in the suburbs. TDCPP and TBEP were the dominated OPEs congeners in snow water, and their contribution rates were 26.6% and 20.4%, respectively. Principal component analysis indicated that there might be a common source shared by TBEP and TCPP, TMP and TEP in snow. The attachment of OPEs in snow water might be caused by the long-distance migration and atmospheric dry and wet. The daily exposure of ∑11OPEs for different populations via drinking water was 26.6 to 39.0ng/(kg·d). The associated the non-cancer risk and carcinogenic risk of OPEs were lower than the theoretical risk values, which suggested that the human health risk caused by exposure to OPEs in snow water in the study area was at a low level.
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Received: 27 May 2019
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