基于城市大气环境荷载指数的大气污染排放变率估算

Abstract
Figure/Table
References (35)
Related Citation (1)

Download: PDF (10979 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

Based on observed PM_2.5 concerntration data and atmospheric self-cleaning ability index (ASI) calculated by meteorological observation data, the change of pollutant emission rate per capita during two periods by applying urban atmospheric load index was analyzed. Meanwhile, the effects of meteorological condition and emission reduction on the change of air pollutant concentration during Sep. 2013 to Feb. 2019 were investigated. The emission reduction in autumn and winter was more obvious than that in spring and summer. The effect initially appeared in autumn and winter of 2014 due to emission reductions occurred in 74.5% cities, and on average emission reduction was 12.6% in this area. Emission reduced substantially in the autumn and winter of 2017 and 2018 in major cities of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas, with emission reduction rate being 54.0% and 47.7% respectively relative to the baseline. Emission of autumn-winter in Changzhi during 2014~2017 was more than that in baseline, and started to decline in 2018. The change of emission rate in Shijiazhuang presented large fluctuation, and it in winter of 2016 was 68.2% more than that in 2014. Hence, special attention should be paid to these two cities. Urban atmospheric load index can objectively and quantitatively reflect the direction and magnitude of the change of emission rate in typical emission reduction periods, so it is an effective method to evaluate the effects of meteorological conditions and emission control measures on pollutant concentration change.

Key words： quantitative evaluation of emission reduction effect urban atmospheric load index atmospheric self-cleaning ability index air pollutant emission rate

Received: 20 July 2019

PACS:

X820.6

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	MEI Mei
	XU Da-hai
	ZHU Rong
	WANG Zong-shuang

Cite this article:

MEI Mei,XU Da-hai,ZHU Rong等. Quantitative estimation of air pollutant emission rate based on urban atmospheric load index[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(2): 465-474.

URL:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2020/V40/I2/465

[1]	国务院.国务院关于印发大气污染防治行动计划的通知[EB/OL]. http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2013-09/12/content_2486773.htm 2013-09-10. The State Council. Notcie of the State Council on printing and distributing the action placn for the prevention and control of air pollution[EB/OL]. http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2013-09/12/content_2486773.htm 2013-09-10.
[2]	熊亚军,徐敬,孙兆彬,等.基于数据挖掘算法和数值模拟技术的大气污染减排效果评估[J]. 环境科学学报, 2019,39(1):116-125. Xiong Y J, Xu J, Sun Z B, et al. Air pollution reduction effect evaluation based on data mining algorithm and numerical simulation technology[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2019,39(1):116-125.
[3]	许建明,瞿元昊,常炉予,等.空气污染气象条件预报评估技术与应用[J]. 气象科技进展, 2017,7(6):150-156. Xu J M, Qu Y H, Chang L Y, et al. Practice on forecast and evaluation technique of meteorology for air pollution in Shanghai[J]. Advances in Meteorology Science and Technology, 2017,7(6):150-156.
[4]	潘锦秀,晏平仲,李云婷,等.北京冬奥会同期空气污染数值模拟[J]. 环境科学研究, 2017,30(9):1325-1334. Pan J X, Yan P Z, Li Y T, et al. Air pollution numerical simulation during the same period of Beijing Winter Olympic Games[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2017,30(9):1325-1334.
[5]	贺克斌.基于"大气国十条"的京津冀地区细颗粒物污染防治政策效果评估[R]. 北京:清华大学, 2014. He K B. Evaluation of Policy Effect on Prevention and Control of fine particulate matter pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on the "The official ten measures for air pollution controlling"[R]. Beijing:Tsinghua University, 2014.
[6]	翟世贤,安兴琴,刘俊,等.不同时刻污染减排对北京市PM2.5浓度的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(6):1369-1379. Zhai S X, An X Q, Liu J, et al. Effects of emission-sources reduction at different time points on PM2.5concentration over Beijing Municipality[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014,34(6):1369-1379.
[7]	刘俊,安兴琴,朱彤,等.京津冀及周边减排对北京市PM2.5浓度下降评估研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(11):2726-2733. Liu J, An X Q, Zhu T, et al. Evaluation of PM2.5 decrease in Beijing after emission restrictions in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding regions[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014,34(11):2726-2733.
[8]	曹天慧,王哲,张晶,等."9·3"阅兵期间协同减排措施对北京市大气PM2.5质量浓度及其来源影响的数值模拟[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2017,53(2):201-207. Cao T H, Wang Z H, Zhang J, et al. Impact of coordinated emission controls on concentrations and sources of PM2.5 in Beijing during "9·3" military parade:a numerical model[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Natural Science), 2017,53(2):201-207.
[9]	王凌慧,曾凡刚,向伟玲,等.空气重污染应急措施对北京市PM2.5的削减效果评估[J]. 中国环境科学, 2015,35(8):2546-2553. Wang L H, Zeng F G, Xiang W L, et al. A model evaluation of the effect of implementing heavy air pollution emergency plan to PM2.5 reduction in Beijing[J]. China Environmental Science, 2015,35(8):2546-2553.
[10]	张人禾,李强,张若楠.2013年1月中国东部持续性强雾霾天气产生的气象条件分析[J]. 中国科学(地球科学), 2014,44(1):27-36. Zhang R H, Li Q, Zhang R N. Meteorological conditions for the persistent severe fog and haze event over eastern China in January 2013[J]. Science China:Earth Sciences, 2014,44(1):27-36.
[11]	蒋伊蓉,朱蓉,朱克云,等.京津冀地区重污染天气过程的污染气象条件模拟研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2015,35(9):2681-2692. Jiang Y R, Zhu R, Zhu K Y, et al. Numerical simulation on the air pollution potential in the severe air pollution episodes in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2015, 35(9):2681-2692.
[12]	吕梦瑶,张恒德,王继康,等.2015年冬季京津冀两次重污染天气过程气象成因[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(7):2748-2757. Lv M Y, Zhang H D, Wang J K, et al. Analysis of meteorological causes of two heavily polluted weather processes in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in winter of 2015[J]. J China Environmental Science, 2019,39(7):2748-2757.
[13]	吴萍,丁一汇,柳艳菊,等.中国中东部冬季霾日的形成与东亚冬季风和大气湿度的关系[J]. 气象学报, 2016,74(3):352-366. Wu P, Ding Y H, Liu Y J, et al. Influence of the East Asian winter monsoon and atmospheric humidity on the wintertime haze frequency over central-eastern China[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2016, 74(3):352-366.
[14]	尹志聪,王会军,袁东敏.华北黄淮冬季霾年代际增多与东亚冬季风的减弱[J]. 科学通报, 2015,60(15):1395-1400. Yin Z C, Wang H J, Yuan D M. Interdecadal increase of haze in winter over North China and the Huang-huai Area and the weakening of the East Asia Winter Monsoon[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2015, 60:1395-1400.
[15]	Yin Z C, Wang H J, Chen H P. Understanding severe winter haze events in the North China Plain in 2014:roles of climate anomalies[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2017,17(3):1641-1651.
[16]	Wang H J, Chen H P, Liu J P, et al. Arctic Sea Ice Decline Intensified Haze Pollution in Eastern China[J]. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 2015,8(1):1-9.
[17]	Zhao S, Li J, Cheng S. Decadal variability in the occurrence of wintertime haze in central eastern China tied to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation[J]. Scientific Reports, 2016,6(1):27424.
[18]	Xu X, Zhao T, Liu F, et al. Climate modulation of the Tibetan Plateau on haze in China[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 2016,15(3):28915-28937.
[19]	徐大海,朱蓉.我国大陆通风量及雨洗能力分布的研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 1989,9(5):367-374. Xu D H, Zhu R. A study on the distribution of ventilation and rainout capacity in mainland China[J]. China Environmental Science, 1989, 9(5):367-374.
[20]	徐大海,朱蓉,潘在桃.城市扩散模式与二氧化硫排放总量控制方法的研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 1990,10(4):309-313. Xu D H, Zhu R, Pan Z T. The studies on standard of emission of SO2 and dispersion model in cities[J]. China Environmental Science, 1990, 10(4):309-313.
[21]	徐大海,王郁,朱蓉.大气环境容量系数A值频率曲线拟合及其应用[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(10):2913-2922. Xu D H, Wang Y, Zhu R. The atmospheric environmental capacity coefficient cumulative frequency curve fitting and its application[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,48(7):924-937.
[22]	朱蓉,张存杰,梅梅.大气自净能力指数的气候特征与应用研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(10):3601-3610. Zhu R, Zhang C J, Mei M. The climate characteristics of atmospheric self-cleaning ability index and its application in China[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(10):3601-3610.
[23]	Wang J Z, Gong S L, Zhang X Y, et al. A parameterized method for air-quality diagnosis and its applications[J]. Advances in Meteorology. 2012,doi:10.1155/2012/238589.
[24]	张恒德,张碧辉,吕梦瑶,等.北京地区静稳天气综合指数的初步构建及其在环境气象中的应用[J]. 气象, 2017,43(8):998-1004. Zhang H D, Zhang B H, L M Y. et.al. Development and application of stable weather index of Beijing in environmental meteorology[J]. Meteorological Monthly, 2017,43(8):998-1004.
[25]	梅梅,朱蓉,孙朝阳.京津冀及周边"2+26"城市秋冬季大气重污染气象条件及其气候特征研究[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2019,15(3):270-281. Mei M, Zhu R, Sun C Y. Study on meteorological conditions for air pollution and its climatic characteristics in "2+26" cities around Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in autumn and winter[J]. Climate Change Research, 2019,15(3):270-281.
[26]	GB/T 3840~91制定地方大气污染物排放标准的技术方法[S]. GB/T 3840~91 Technical methods for making local emission standards of air pollutants[S].
[27]	徐大海,王郁,朱蓉.中国大陆地区大气环境容量及城市大气环境荷载[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2018,48(7):924-937. Xu D H, Wang Y, Zhu R. Atmospheric environmental capacity and urban atmospheric load in mainland China[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2018,48(7):924-937.
[28]	吴文景,常邢佳,等.京津冀地区主要排放源减排对PM2.5污染改善贡献评估[J]. 环境科学, 2017,38(3):868-875. Wu W J, Chang X, Xing J, et al. Assessment of PM2.5pollution mitigation due to emission reduction from main emission sources in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region[J]. Environmental Science, 2017, 38(3):868-875.
[29]	环境保护部,国家发展和改革委员会,工业和信息化部,等.关于印发京津冀及周边地区2017~2018年秋冬季大气污染综合治理攻坚行动方案》的通知[EB/OL]. http://www.zhb.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bwj/201708/t20170824_420330.html2017-08-18. Ministry of Environmental Protection, National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, et al. Notice on printing and distributing the action plan for comprehensive air pollution control in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and surrounding areas in autumn and winter 2017-2018[EB/OL]. http://www.zhb.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bwj/201708/t20170824_420330.html 2017-08-18.
[30]	贾佳,郭秀锐,程水源.APEC期间北京市PM2.5特征模拟分析及污染控制措施评估[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(8):2337-2346. Jia J, Guo X R, Cheng S Y. Numerical study on the characteristics of PM2.5 in Beijing and the assessment of pollution control measures during APEC[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(8):2337-2346.
[31]	刘洪利,龚山陵,何建军,等.环境气象评估指数EMI原理及应用[Z]. 第35届中国气象学会年会, 2018. Liu H L, Gong S L, He J J, et al. The theory and application of evaluation on meteorological condition index for air pollution[Z]. The 35th Annual Meeting of China Meteorological Society, 2018.
[32]	Zhang X, Xu X, Ding Y, et al. The impact of meteorological changes from 2013 to 2017 on PM2.5 mass reduction in key regions in China[J]. Science China:Earth Sciences, 2019,62:1885-1902.
[33]	QX/T 479-2019 PM2.5气象条件评估指数(EMI)[S]. QX/T 479-2019 Evaluation on meteorological condition index of PM2.5 pollution[S].
[34]	Zhang X Y, Wang Y Q, Lin W L, et al. Changes of atmospheric composition and optical properties over Beijing-2008 Olympic monitoring campaign[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2009,90(11):1633-1651.
[35]	徐大海,陈军明.大气中二次细粒子污染的宏观机制及其前体物环境容量[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2019,49:2051-2063. Xu D, Chen J. The macroscopic mechanisms and associated atmospheric precursor environmental capacities that lead to secondary fine particle pollution[J]. Science China:Earth Sciences, 2019:62:2069-2082.