纳米生物炭的制备方法比较及其特性研究

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Abstract In the present study, three common agricultural wastes, namely corn straw, peanut straw and fruit tree branches were chosen as raw material, and five bulk biochars were produced by pyrolysis at temperature of 350~550℃; Furthermore, the corresponding nanobiochars were extracted by three methods:centrifugation method, ball-milling method and ball milling+ centrifugation method. To investigate the effects of material source, pyrolysis temperature and preparation method on the properties and stability of nanobiochar, the specific surface area, element content, mineral composition and surface chemical properties of bulk biochars and nanobiochars were characterized and compared. The results showed compared with bulk biochars, the specific surface areas of biochars prepared by ball-milling method were increased by 1.36~6.94 times, but their diameters were higher than 100nm, and their suspensions were unstable. The diameters of nanobiochars prepared by ball-milling+centrifugation method were 70.06~103.43nm, which were well dispersed in water. Nanobiochars prepared by centrifugation method did not fall into the regime of nanoscale, and their suspensions were unstable. The yields of nanobiochars prepared by ball-milling+centrifugation method were 2.27%~34.80%, and the yields decreased with the increase of temperature. Compared with bulk biochars, nanobiochars contained more oxygen-containing functional groups such as hydroxyl groups and fewer fatty carbon chains. The nanobiochar yields of corn and peanut straws were higher than that of fruit tree branches, but the nanobiochar suspensions of corn and peanut straws were less stable and prone to coagulation. The nanobiochars derived from fruit trees branches were rich in carbonates and other alkaline minerals; their higher surface oxygen-containing functional groups resulted in larger absolute zeta potentials and more stable suspensions. In conclusion, the specific surface area of nanobiochars prepared by ball-milling method were larger, the yields of corn and peanut straw nanobiochars prepared by ball milling+centrifugation method were higher. The suspensions of nanobiochars extracted from fruit tree branches at low temperature were rather stable.

Key words： nanobiochar ball-milling high-speed centrifugation method suspension stability

Received: 30 November 2019

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X131

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	Articles by authors
	LI Qi-rui
	XU Chen-yang
	GENG Zeng-chao
	WANG Chun-li
	WANG Qiang
	LI Qian-qian

Cite this article:

LI Qi-rui,XU Chen-yang,GENG Zeng-chao等. Preparation methods and properties of nanobiochars[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(7): 3124-3134.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2020/V40/I7/3124

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