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| A review of chlorinated/brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the environment and human: Sources, analysis methods and pollution characteristics |
| LIU Ming-yang1,4, LI Hui-ru2,3, SONG Ai-min1,4, HU Jian-fang1, SHENG Guo-ying1, PENG Ping-an1,4 |
1. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
2. SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
3. School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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Abstract Chlorinated/brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Cl/Br-PAHs) were a class of emerging persistent toxic contaminants that demonstrating similar chemical structures and carcinogenicities with dioxins and PAHs. Their behaviors, fates, and potential risks in environments were of great concern. This study retrieved the Web of Science Database with the topics including "Cl-PAH*" OR "Br-PAH*" OR "H-PAH*" OR "chlorinated PAH*" OR "brominated PAH*" OR "halogenated PAHs" OR "chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon*" OR "brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon*" OR "halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon*", and reviewed the research progress of the sources, pollution characteristics and analysis methods of Cl/Br-PAHs focusing on the environmental matrix and human beings. The results showed that 225 papers in total within this topic were published by Jan. 2021. The existing findings showed that:Cl/Br-PAHs were mainly generated from thermal processes such as waste incineration, vehicle exhaust, metal smelting, electronic waste recycling, etc., as well as some photochemical processes; So far, Cl/Br-PAHs were found ubiquitous in various environments worldwide, and demonstrated persistence, long-distance transportability and bioavailability; It was documented that Cl/Br-PAHs had similar or stronger toxicity compared to their parent PAHs. However, their formation mechanisms and environmental behaviors were still unclear; An effective and precise analytical method was still unavailable, leading to very limited reports on Cl/Br-PAH compounds in environments and the overall research area on this topic was still in its infant stage. Based on the current research status and knowledge gaps of Cl/Br-PAHs, more attention should be paid to their high-throughput and precise analytical methods, emission fingerprints, environmental behaviors, and potential risks in the future.
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Received: 16 August 2020
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