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| Evaluation of sludge characteristics and microbial community of anammox sludge during exposure to perfluorooctane acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate |
| TANG Lin-qin1,2, SU Cheng-yuan1,2, HUANG Xian2, LI Ru-ting2, WANG An-liu2, FAN Cui-ping2, XIAN Yun-chuan2 |
1. Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China;
2. School of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China |
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Abstract The sequential batch experiments explored the influence mechanism under different concentrations (0.5mg/L and 1mg/L) and types of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) on the denitrification performance and microbial community of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) sludge. Results indicated that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) (at 0.5mg/L, 1mg/L) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) had no obvious inhibitory effect on the denitrification performance of the anammox sludge. The addition of 1mg/L PFOA (OA1) and PFOS (OS1) to the anammox sludge for one day resulted in removal rates of respectively 47.68% and 92.7%. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of the sludge showed the presence of C-F, MgF2, CaF2 functional groups in the OA1 and OS1 groups. The addition of PFOA and PFOS reduced the concentration of heme c in the anammox sludge by respectively 21.05% and 7.5%. The high-throughput sequencing analysis of the anammox sludge in different experimental groups showed that the addition of 1mg/L PFOA and PFOS could reduce the relative abundance of anammox bacteria and promote the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria. The relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadia in the OA1 and OS1 groups decreased by respectively 1.08% and 0.28%, while the relative abundance of Acinetobacter increased by 1.73% and 0.06%. In general, the negative effects of PFOA on the anammox sludge were more significant than PFOS.
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Received: 01 June 2021
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