中国兜兰属宽瓣亚属植物生存现状及保护成效

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Abstract In order to clarify the survival and endangered status of Paphiopedilum subgenus Brachypetalum in China, the population distribution, quantity, habitat characteristics, market trade, threatened factors, protection status and effectiveness of this group were statistically analyzed, based on a large number of field investigations, references and specimens data. And the endangered grade of this group was reassessed according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (version 3.1). The results showed that P. micranthum, P. malipoense, P. armeniacum, P. emersonii, P. bellatulum, P. wenshanense and P. concolor had been found in the field investigation. And the seven Subgenera were known to be distributed in 50 counties in China, with a total of 194 natural distribution points. In the horizontal direction of China, Subgenus Brachypetalum were mainly distributed in Southeast and Northwest of Yunnan, Southwest and Northeast of Guizhou, Northwest and Southwest of Guangxi and the junction of Northern Guangxi and Southern Guizhou. In the vertical direction, the Subgenus mainly distributed in the middle-high elevation area (780~1267m), with an average altitude of 997m. On a national scale, the Subgenus were scattered distribution, and the individuals grew in aggregation on the small scale. Their microhabitats were characterized by high altitude, permeable, breathable, shady and high calcium. The market trade rate of Subgenus Brachypetalum was 36.67%, and the trade price had strong randomness; the trade source mainly depended on the extraction of wild resources which accounting for 88.32% of the trade volume, with strong regional characteristics; the trade mode was on-site and online with strong flexibility. This group was mainly threatened by excavation and habitats degradation, accounting for 44.85% and 29.83% of all distribution points respectively. The in-situ protection rate of Subgenus Brachypetalum was only 34.53%, which was general protection effectiveness; The group had been protected 98 times in 20 conservation sites, among the 29conservation sites which were investigated. Except for P. wenshanense and P. hangianum, the ex-situ protection effects of the other 7 species were evaluated as appropriate. P. bellatulum and P. wenshanense were assessed as critically endangered (CR) from the original endangered (EN); no change was happened in the assessment of P. malipoense, P. emersonii and P. armeniacum, they were still belong to critically endangered (CR); P. micranthum and P. concolor were assessed as endangered (EN) from the original vulnerable (VU); P. delenatii and P. hangianum were rated as data deficiency (DD).

Key words： Orchidaceae Paphiopedilum Subgenus. Brachypetalum survival status conservation effect endangered grade China

Received: 30 December 2021

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	ZHANG Yang
	AN MingTai
	WU Jian-Yong
	YANG Yan-Bing
	LI Zhi
	YE Chao

Cite this article:

ZHANG Yang,AN MingTai,WU Jian-Yong等. Survival status and protection effectiveness of Paphiopedilum Subgenus. Brachypetalum in China[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(7): 3461-3472.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2022/V42/I7/3461

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