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| Rubber anti-aging agent 6PPD and its ozonation product 6-PPDQ: Environmental distribution and biological toxicity |
| LI Jia-yao, SHEN Hui-min, XU Ting-ting, GUO Ying |
| Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China |
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Abstract In the present review, we discussed the environmental distribution of 6PPD-quinone (N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine quinone) and its precursor 6PPD (N-(1,3-Dimethyl-butyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine) in the air, aquatic environment, and soil, and summarized their cytotoxicity and biota toxicity, as well as potential effect on human health. The present knowledge indicated that 6PPD and 6PPD-Q are mainly from the rubber tire wear particles. They are transported with particles in air, water and soil. 6PPD and 6PPD-Q may inhibit cell proliferation, cause acute death of several fish species, and induce developmental toxicity, and may induce allergic dermatitis for humans. The future researches should pay more attention on the joint toxicity of 6PPD and 6PPD-Q with other rubber tire additives, and the related ecological risk assessment.
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Received: 24 June 2022
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