基于Sentinel-3 OLCI数据的渤海水色状况时空变化特征

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Abstract The Forel-Ule scale was introduced to record the colors of oceans and inland waters. It classified natural water colors into 21 grades ranging from dark blue to reddish brown. With satellite data, it has been possible to extract the Forel-Ule index (FUI) , which correspond to 21 levels of the Forel-Ule scale. Based on Sentinel-3OLCI satellite data, the monthly and annual FUI of the Bohai Sea for the past five years from 2018 to 2022 was extracted. In addition, spatial and temporal variations in water color conditions were investigated. As can be seen from the results, both the spatial and temporal variation of FUI in the Bohai Sea was significant. High FUI values were observed in the coastal waters of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, and Laizhou Bay. This indicated turbid water and poor water color. In contrast, low FUI values were observed in Qinhuangdao and other offshore waters, reflecting relatively clear water and good water color. A "V" shaped change, i.e., the FUI varied from large to small and then to large, from January to December, in the variation of the monthly FUI average in the Bohai Sea was captured, illustrating the process of the Bohai Sea's water color condition from turbid to clear and then to turbid. An overall decreasing trend in the annual FUI average value was detected, corresponding to the water color condition getting better, from 2018 to 2022. During this period, the highest decreasing rate happened from 2018 to 2019, subject to the Bohai Sea comprehensive management battle. The lowest level was in 2020, followed by a slight rebound in 2021. The annual FUI average value reached its lowest level in 2022. Compared with 2020, the percentage of sea area with improved, stable, and deteriorating water color in 2022 was 36.05%, 50.45%, and 13.50% respectively. This was the best performance in five years. Therefore, it was seen that comprehensive management of the Bohai Sea had played an active role in improving its ecological environment. Monitoring FUI with remote sensing increased the capacity for regular inspections and supervision of China's marine ecological environment. This was of great practical importance.

Key words： Forel-Ule Index (FUI) spatiotemporal variation Sentinel-3 OLCI satellite data remote sensing retrieval Bohai Sea

Received: 21 February 2023

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	WANG Lin
	WANG Xiang
	CHEN Yan-long
	GAO Si-wen
	ZENG Yi-le
	MENG Qing-hui
	WANG Xin-xin

Cite this article:

WANG Lin,WANG Xiang,CHEN Yan-long等. Spatiotemporal variation of water color conditions in the Bohai Sea based on Sentinel-3OLCI data[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(9): 4828-4836.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2023/V43/I9/4828

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