“23·7”暴雨对永定河出山口地下水水质的影响机制

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Abstract To investigate the impact and mechanisms of the "23·7" heavy rainstorm event on groundwater quality in the Mentougou Plain area, the area at the foothills of the Yongding River was selected as the study area. By comparing the alterations in groundwater and surface water quality before and after the rainstorm, and integrating hydrogeochemical modeling with microbial characterization, we analyze the underlying causes. The results showed that the average concentrations of Ca²⁺ and HCO₃^- in the groundwater increased by 9.75% to 14.68%, while those of Cl^-, SO₄^2-, F^-, total Fe, and total Mn decreased by 26% to 86.92% after the rainstorm, consistent with the trend in surface water. It suggested that the variation in groundwater chemistry was primarily driven by the infiltration of affected surface water. However, the trends in K⁺, dissolved oxygen (DO), redox potential (Eh), and NO₃^--N in groundwater are opposite to those in surface water, indicating that groundwater chemistry changes were not solely the result of simple physical mixing with surface water. The reverse simulation results using PHREEQC indicate that under the influence of the rainstorm, the evolution of groundwater chemistry is regulated by a combination of physical mixing and dilution, mineral dissolution and precipitation, denitrification, and sulfate reduction. Specifically, physical mixing and dilution account for 15.82% of the alterations. Based on it, the silicate minerals dissolution increases the Ca²⁺ concentration, while the dissolution of silicate and evaporite minerals, in combination with cation exchange, helps maintain Na⁺ balance. The infiltration of rainwater and the decomposition of organic matter increase the HCO₃^- concentration. The denitrification and sulfate reduction decrease NO₃^- and SO₄^2- concentrations. Notably, the heavy rainstorm exacerbated the dilution and diffusion of high-concentration Fe contamination around the Shougang Industrial Park. Although dilution reduced the peak concentration of Fe exceeding the standard from 89.5mg/L to 25.4mg/L, the number of locations where Fe exceeded the standard increased from one to four, accounting for 66.67% of the total. Meanwhile, this process significantly promoted the enrichment of Fe(Ⅱ)-dependent autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in the groundwater, enhancing the denitrification rate and significantly reducing the concentration of NO₃^--N in the groundwater.

Key words： Yongding River "23·7" heavy rainstorm groundwater quality inverse modeling microbial response

Received: 11 September 2024

PACS:

X523

Corresponding Authors: 何宝南,责任作者,副教授,bnhe@cugb.edu.cn E-mail: bnhe@cugb.edu.cn

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	MA Shuo
	HE Bao-nan
	ZHANG Xue-hang
	HE Jiang-tao
	LONG Xiang-yun
	YANG Shan-shan
	SHI Yuan-yuan

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MA Shuo,HE Bao-nan,ZHANG Xue-hang等. The impact mechanism of the "23·7" heavy rainstorm on groundwater quality at the Yongding River Foothills[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(4): 1973-1984.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/ OR http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V45/I4/1973

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