Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

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CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE

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	2013 Vol.33 Issue.增刊,Published 2013-12-20

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		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 1-1 [Abstract] ( 134 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 76KB] ( 446 )

	2	Research on the static leaching rules of total nitrogen of municipal solid wastes (MST) in Songtao Reservoir Basin
		YUE Jian-Hua, YANG Shui-Wen
		With the increasing dumping of municipal solid wastes (MST) in Songtao Reservoir Basin by years, it has already become one of the main pollutants influencing the water quality. In order to find out the quantitative influence of the MST on the water environment, the static leaching rules of total nitrogen under different hydraulic conditions were studied as following method. Firstly, the static leaching experiments of total nitrogen were made under water-changing condition and no-water-changing condition, and the experiment models were constructed by similarity theory. Secondly, the static leaching theoretical models of total nitrogen in different water conditions were constructed by significance testing. And finally, leaching rate of total nitrogen was calculated by optimal smoothing distribution, respectively. The results of static leaching experiment indicated that the content of nitrogen in Songtao Reservoir MST was 0.77%. The optimal smoothing distribution was q=208.16-58.49ln(t), q=-25.13+0.842t-0.003t2 from Logarithmic model and Cubic model under water-changing condition and no-water-changing condition, respectively. With the increasing of liquid-solid- ratio, the nitrogen leaching rate increased. The optimal smoothing distributions in this study could predict accurately the total nitrogen short-term leaching rate under different hydraulic conditions.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 2-6 [Abstract] ( 206 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 535KB] ( 516 )

	7	Carbon storage characteristics of forest vegetation in Xishuangbanna
		LI Yuan, ZHANG Xiu-Yu, XU Zhen-Cheng, ZENG Fan-Tang
		Based on the vegetation carbon content rate that determined, we studied the carbon storage dynamics of forest vegetation in Xishuangbanna. The results showed that, the average vegetation content rate was ranging form 35.91% to 50.12%, and the average carbon content rate weighted by biomass was ranging form 47.33% to 52.10%. The average carbon storage of tree layer is in the range of 13.77~115.21t/hm2, cadre arbor layer distribution ratio of maximum carbon stocks the proportion to surpass 50%; there is a certain correlation between, the 7 types of forest vegetation carbon storage of main organs of trees stand factor and main organs of carbon storage and stand factor (P<0.05); understory vegetation carbon storage is in the range of 3.22~19.45t/hm2, herbs and shrubs; regression relationship between forest reserves total vegetation carbon and site arbor vegetation carbon storage was significant (P<0.05); regression relationship between forest vegetation carbon storage and richness index reached a significant level (P<0.05), but the regression relationship and diversity index and evenness index were not significant (P<0.05).
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 7-12 [Abstract] ( 178 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 374KB] ( 632 )

	13	The chemical forms of Cadmium through soil-crop transport
		CAI Nan, XIAO Qing-Qing, XU Zhen-Cheng, YE Zhi-Hong, HUANG Jian-Hong, CHEN Xiao-Yan, CHEN Chan
		A field survey including 36soil samples and 36crop samples of 9crop species was conducted to determine Diethylene triamine pentacetate acid (DTPA) extractable cadmium (Cd) and total content of Cd in soil and Cd contents in different parts of crops and its six different chemical forms in a farmland contaminated by Cd in a typical metal smelting area. The results showed that the concentrations of Cd in soil at the studied site all exceeded GB 15618-1995 (Grade Ⅱ); the average DTPA extractable Cd accounted for 63% of the total content of Cd in soil, which demonstrated higher Cd bioavailability of the soil; there were obvious crop species differences regarding Cd absorption and Cd accumulation in different edible parts of the crops is as leaf vegetable > root vegetable > bulb vegetable; Cd in crops mainly existed as pectates and protein binding or sorption Cd (NaCl extraction), and a significantly positive correlation was observed between DTPA extractable Cd in soil and available Cd in the roots of crops. In consideration of health risk, it was advised that DTPA extraction and bioavaliable form be used for measuring Cd polluted extents in soil and in crop respectively.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 13-18 [Abstract] ( 222 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 363KB] ( 595 )

	19	Effect of ozone-UV technology on treatment of 2, 2’, 4, 4’-tetra BDE in aqueous medium
		DONG Hong-Mei, WEI Dong-Yang, SUN Yun-Na, WAN Da-Juan, XU Zhen-Cheng
		In this paper, the degradation ratio of BDE47 was investigated using O3/UV technology. Influence factors, such as the initial concentration, percent conversion of O3 and pH values, on removal of BDE47 were studied. The synergy between O3 and UV were analyzed, further, reaction dynamics was discussed.The results indicated thatthe degradation of BDE47followed the pseudo-order kinetics.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 19-25 [Abstract] ( 157 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 475KB] ( 542 )

	26	Environmental health risk assessment of plasticizer contaminants in drinking water source
		HE Tao, BAI Xiao-Jian, CHEN Juan, PENG Xiao-Chun, REN Ming-Zhong, HE De-Chun
		Through the water quality test of a South China reservior water source in low water period analysis, the study found that phthalic acid esters were detected. Environmental health risk assessment of phthalic acid esters of the drinking water source was studied using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) method. The results showed that two, phthalic acid butyl ester (DBP), adjacent benzene two formic acid ethyl ester (DEP), phthalic acid two (two-ethylhexyl) ester (DEHP orDOP) were detected. Maximum carcinogenic risk of DOP was 7.32×10-8, and maximum non carcinogenic risk of DBP, DEP and DOP respectively was 3.94×10-5、2.73×10-6 and 2.62×10-4. Carcinogenic risk value of phthalic acid esters of water source was less than 1×10-6, and non carcinogenic risk value was less than 1, which were no more than international regulation, and were in the context of acceptable risk. But concentration of phthalic acid esters was higher than the relative domestic and foreign similar area, so there were potential health risks. It needs to prevent water environment risk according to the possible sources of phthalic acid esters.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 26-31 [Abstract] ( 205 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 378KB] ( 726 )

	32	Tetracycline antibiotics transport in leachate and surface run-off from manure-amended agricultural soil
		HE De-Chun, XU Zhen-Cheng, WU Gen-Yi, LIU Qing
		The transport of selected four tetracycline antibiotics ,including tetracycline(TC), oxytetracyline(OTC), chlortetracycline (CTC) , doxytetracyline (DOXY) were investigated in a sandy soil. Manure was fortified with the compounds and then applied to soil plots to investigate leaching and surface run-off under field conditions. The results showed that: all the four tetracyclines were detected in surface run-off and leachate samples .The maxium concentrations were 0.2648 (TC), 0.3257 (OTC), 0.3708 (CTC) and 0.2392 μg/L (DOXY) in runoff and 0.1694 (TC), 0.2468 (OTC), 0.2302 (CTC) and 0.2123 μg/L (DOXY) in leachate, respectively. The transported antibiotics by surface run-off and leachate were ranged from 0.0011% to 0.0023% and from 0.00033% to 0.00054% of the antibiotics fortified to soil plots. The results indicated that tetracycline antibiotics can be transported by suface run-off and leachate in the field.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 32-36 [Abstract] ( 235 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 289KB] ( 658 )

	37	Contamination characteristics of perfluorinated compounds in soil from Pearl River Delta, South China
		HU Guo-Cheng, ZHENG Hai, ZHANG Li-Juan, XU Zhen-Cheng, CHEN Lai-Guo, HE De-Chun, LI Hua-Shou
		Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have received much attention on their distributions in various matrixes including water bodies, biota, and serum of populations in recent years, however, data regarding concentrations of PFCs in soils were sparse in the scientific literature in China. In this study, forty five soil samples were collected from Guangzhou City, Dongguan City, Shenzheng City, and Zhuhai City, South China. Two target PFCs including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in soils samples were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) system. The findings suggested that concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were average value of 0.49ng/g dry weight with range of 0.05~2.41ng/g dry weight, and 0.15ng/g dry weight with range of 0.02~1.24ng/g dry weight in soils from four cities, respectively. The concentrations in soils from Dongguan City and Shenzhen City were higher than those of Zhuhai City and Guangzhou City. The compositional pattern indicated that PFOS was the dominant PFCs contaminants in soils samples, with an average relative abundance accounted for 75% of the total PFCs concentration. Significant correlations were observed between PFOS and PFOA (P<0.05), which suggesting probably similar origins of PFOS and PFOA. The findings indicated that the main pathways of PFCs into the environment were effluents of wastewater and atmospheric transmit. Compared with regions around the world, the concentration of PFOS and PFOA in soils from Guangzhou City, Dongguan City, Shenzhen City, and Zhuhai City was relatively low.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 37-42 [Abstract] ( 319 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1560KB] ( 1036 )

	43	Domestication enrichment and molecular characterization of denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria
		HUANG Rong-Xin, CHEN Ze-Tao, LIU Gang, LUO Qi-Jin, DENG Wei-Guang, LIN Wei-Zhong
		In this study, by switching operation mode from anaerobic / aerobic (A/O) to anaerobic / anoxic (A/An), we efficiently enriched denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria (DPB) from PAOs, then we performed deformation gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) on 16S rRNA specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product and biodiversity analysis of these bacteria in five different acclimation phase (1#: sewage sludge; 2#~5#: the medium and latter phase of domestication). Our results indicated that the DPB was domesticated successfully by two-stage enrichment approach; Clostridium sp. and Beta proteobacterium bacteria can be isolated in the final stage. The former is Gram-positive and belongs to highly efficient phosphorus removal genus, while the latter is a Gram-negative, strictly polyphosphate anaerobic variant. We also detected a large number of unidentified bacteria strains, characteristics of which need further investigation.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 43-48 [Abstract] ( 189 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 494KB] ( 524 )

	49	The assessments of polluted degree and potential ecological hazards of heavy metals in suburban soil of Guangzhou city
		LEI Guo-Jian, CHEN Zhi-Liang, LIU Qian-Jun, PENG Xiao-Chun, JIANG Xiao-Lu, 欧Ying-Juan , ZHOU Ding, LI Fang-Hong
		Investigation and assessments of pollutions of heavy metals such as Zn、Pb、Ni、Cu、Cr、As and Hg in outer suburbs of Guangzhou City were carried out. The present polluted degree and potential ecological hazards of heavy metals were evaluated by the nemerow index and the potential ecological risk index (RI). The heavy metal concentrations of 26 soil samples were higher than the local background value, some indicators exceed the national recommended environmental quality secondary standard for soils, and with the uneven of space distribution. The mean nemerow synthesis index of heavy metal in soils was 0.82, the degree of pollution was alert level. The soil of Nansha Guangzhou City was of the slightly ecological hazard, Cu and Hg were primary ecological hazard factors.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 49-53 [Abstract] ( 198 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 374KB] ( 1323 )

	54	Simulation of non-point source pollution in Sihe watershed with AnnAGNPS
		LI Kai-Ming, REN Xiu-Wen, HUANG Guo-Ru, ZHONG Man-Ni
		Using continuous and distributed mechanism model of AnnAGNPS (annual agricultural non-point source model), the non-point source pollution was simulated at Sihe watershed in Tan-River basin of the Pearl River delta. The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of suspending sediment (SS), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) was analysed. Model adaptability using in Sihe watershed was proved by coefficient of determination(R2)and Nash Sufficient. Both of them were larger than 0.8 between calibrated period and validated period. The results showed that 80% amounts of pollution were generated from April to September, simultaneously with rain. TN and TP had similar spatial distribution characteristics in the study area,and the pollution loadings of NPS were higher in the middle and downstream area than in the north-eastern and north-western regions.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 54-59 [Abstract] ( 208 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1752KB] ( 848 )

	60	Health risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils in Taihu lake basin agricultural area
		LI Liang-Zhong, YANG Yan, CAI Hui-Min, XIANG Ming-Deng, ZHANG Yan-Ping, GAO Dan-Dan, LI Ding-Long
		In this paper, the scene monitoring sampling was applied to analyze the concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn) in Farmland soils in Taihu lake basin agricultural area. Based on the data , soil environmental quality and ecological risk were evaluated with the combination of pollution index and ecological risk index, and health risk caused by soil ingestion were assessed using US EPA health risk assessment model. The average concentration of 6 kinds of heavy metals ranked as follows: Fe (1130.86mg/kg)>Mn(223.58mg/kg)>Cu(127.03mg/kg)>Pb(78.07mg/kg)>Cr (56.10mg/kg )= Zn (56.10mg/kg); pollution and ecological risk caused by heavy metals in soil were at a low level and the comprehensive pollution index and potential ecological risk index were 1.86 and 46.1 respectively; the health risk of heavy metals in farmland soils caused by oral soil ingestion presented carcinogenic risk, and the risk level in children and adults were lower than the acceptable level (10-4); among of them the risk in children was higher than that in adults as for non-carcinogenic risk or carcinogenic risk.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 60-65 [Abstract] ( 192 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 979KB] ( 753 )

	66	Evaluation and analysis on aquatic ecological environmental quality in Daya Bay
		LIU Ai-Ping, REN Xiu-Wen, JIANG Guo-Qiang, LI Kai-Ming, CHEN Zhong-Ying
		Daya Bay is one of a series of large bays along the southern coast of China. Two investigations were conducted on the aquatic ecological environment in Daya Bay, in October 2011 (autumn) and April 2012 (spring). A total of 20 genera and 28species in autumn and 19 genera and 34species in spring of phytoplankton were identified. In autumn and spring ,the amount were respectively between 7.7×108~3.68×109cells/m3 and 4.85×108~1.37×1010 cells/m3; diversity were respectively between 0.27~2.06 and 0.86~2.16; evenness were respectively between 0.17~0.83 and 0.31~0.84. A total of 67 species in autumn and 60 species in spring of zooplankton were identified. In autumn and spring ,the amount were respectively between 2260~82035 ind/m3 and 21210~2072910 ind/m3; diversity were respectively between1.52~2.29 and 0.14~2.10; evenness were respectively between 0.45~0.69 and 0.04~0.63.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 66-73 [Abstract] ( 192 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3144KB] ( 692 )

	74	Emission and control of PCDD/Fs from small-scale garden waste incinerator
		LIU Ming-Qing, LI Kang-Min, HAN Jing-Lei, ZOU Chuan, QING Xian, FENG Gui-Xian, LUO Mei
		Characterization of PCDD/Fs emission from small-scale garden waste incinerator (SGWI) was studied, and the removal efficiencies of PCDD/Fs by air pollution control devices (APCDs) such as bag filter (BF) and activated carbon adsorption column (AC) were investigated. It was found that 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF was the most abundant congener for PCDD/Fs congeners profiles, and emission feature of PCDD/Fs was similar with municipal solid waste incineration. The average concentration of PCDD/Fs in stack gas from SGMI with wet flue gas desulfurization equipment was 4.89ng I-TEQ/Nm3. It declined to 0.961ng I-TEQ/Nm3 after equipped with bag filter, and reduced to 0.0839ng I-TEQ/Nm3when AC was added as APCDs. Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in flue gas reduced by 91.24% by equipped with BF and AC. So PCDD/Fs in stack gas were effectively removed by using BF and AC jointly to meet the newest standard limit for pollution control on municipal solid waste incinerators in China and the EC emission standard limit of 0.1ng I-TEQ/m3.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 74-78 [Abstract] ( 233 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 362KB] ( 492 )

	79	Research on environmental impact of unusual saltwater intrusion in Pearl River Estuary
		LIU Ming-Qing, GUO Zhen-Ren, CHEN Qing-Hua, ZHAO Xiao
		Unusual saltwater intrusion in the Pear River Estuary in recent two decades has caused serious problem to water supply and drawn much attention. Field survey monitoring was conducted in this study to investigate impact of the unusual saltwater intrusion on surface water and groundwater quality, soil and plant ecosystem. It is found that salt water intrusion suppresses nitrification of ammonium and increases DO concentration in the waterway. Dominant plant communities in the upper reaches of the western four waterways have evolved from the autopotamic into the eurytopic due to saltwater intrusion. However, the above-mentioned impacts happen only within the main streams of the waterways, while water quality in large amount of small streams of the river net work, groundwater quality, agricultural soil and plant ecosystem outside the main streams remain uninfluenced due to the protection of dams and water gates.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 79-86 [Abstract] ( 208 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 394KB] ( 1071 )

	87	Influence of application of bio-energizer to sediment microbial community and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus element
		LIU Xiao-Wei, XIE Dan-Ping, LI Kai-Ming, ZHOU Wei-Jian, WANG Hai-Jun
		Indoor static experiment was conducted to investigate the change Law of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediments and overlying water under different characteristics of microbial community by adding bio-energizer. The results showed that sediment microorganisms had important influence on the effect of river restoration. With the addition of BE, sediment microbial FDA activity and diversity increased by 36.4% and 5.1% respectively against to the groups of untreated. The increase of microbial activity and diversity contributed to the assimilation of N and P contained and the degradation of TOC. The degradation degree of TOC in the sediment which reached 13.7% was higher than the untreated group observably(P background value> the group of untreated. Under the condition of bio-energizer addition, the ammonia nitrogen and phosphate release quantity Lower than untreated group, but COD release quantity was 25.5g higher than untreated group with 17.0g. Sediment microbial community was the main factor to promote the transformation cycle of nitrogen and phosphorus. The increase of microbial activity and diversity in the sediment had actively effects on the fixation of nitrogen and phosphorus and enhanced the ability of self-purification.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 87-92 [Abstract] ( 187 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 417KB] ( 579 )

	93	Adsorption of trichloroethylene and relevant influencing factors in loam and sandy soil
		LUO Bing, LI Rong-Fei, LI Shi-Yin, CAI Xin-De
		Under the condition of temperature, a study on the thermodynamic adsorption of Trichloroethylene(TCE) in sandy and loam soil with different depths was carried out by batch adsorption methods. Meanwhile, theoretical adsorption and actual adsorption were compared on different particle sizes. The result showed that there was no saturated adsorption capacity in experimental range. The adsorption isotherms of TCE was non-linear both for the sandy and loam soils. The adsorption of TCE in soils fitted with Freundlich isotherm equation better than Langmuir model, and there was little deviation between theoretical and actual adsorption under different sizes; TCE adsorption isotherms resembled the L-type curves; TCE adsorption capacity was decreased with increasing temperature, and the sorption process was spontaneous exothermic reaction while the force of hydrogen bond was the driving force of sorption. In addition, there was significant difference (P<0.01) between organic matter and the size of soils.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 93-97 [Abstract] ( 198 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 404KB] ( 619 )

	98	Nitrogen removal study of scrap iron in permeable reactive barriers
		LUO Qi-Jin, CHEN Jian-Yu, HUANG Rong-Xin, PANG Zhi-Hua, WANG Zhen-Xing, LUO Juan, LIN Fang-Min
		This paper discussed effects of various factors on the reduction of total nitrogen and nitrate with scrap iron(materials of PRB)respectively through single-factor experiment. These factors include pH, nitrate concentration of influent, reaction time and addition of bamboo charcoals, or manganese dioxide. Results indicated that reduction of nitrate and total nitrogen remain similar with change of pH, nitrate concentration of influent, reaction time or addition of bamboo charcoals. Interestingly, the nitrate and total nitrogen reduction by per g scrap iron improved dramatically with the addition of manganese dioxide. When adding manganese dioxide to the reaction, total nitrogen reduction by scrap iron increases 3 fold from 0.05mg/g to 0.17mg/g and the production of ammonia decreases simultaneously.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 98-102 [Abstract] ( 156 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 304KB] ( 372 )

	103	Characteristics of PAHs concentration in the atmospheric PM2.5 in Wuzhi Mountain background in Hainan, South China
		MA She-Xia, ZHANG Xiao, CHEN Lai-Guo, LIU Ming, TANG Cai-Ming, SU Yan-Hua
		Atmospheric PM2.5 was collected from Wuzhi Mountain Background in Hainan from January~October, 2011, the 16 types of PAHs priority controlled by US EPA were analyzed by GC/MS. The results suggested that all 16 priority PAHs were detected in Wuzhi Mountain Background, the total PAHs concentration ranged from 1.773 to 4.612ng/m3, the average concentration was 3.101 ng/m3±0.720ng/m3 with the highest concentration of Flu and Py. The 4~6 rings PAHs with higher M.W. and lower volatility were the dominant components in Wuzhi Mountain Background, and the 4 rings PAHs had the highest concentration as 1.190ng/m3, which contained 38% of the total PAHs concentration. According to the diagnostic ratios of PAHs from typical sources, biomass burning was the dominant source of PAHs in atmospheric PM2.5 in Wuzhi Mountain Background. The total TEQ concentration was 0.364ng/m3, which was lower than the controlled BaP by China and WHO, suggested that the pollution in Wuzhi Mountain was at a lower level.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 103-107 [Abstract] ( 340 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 351KB] ( 607 )

	108	Distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) around medical waste incineration plant in Guangdong province
		PENG Xiao-Chun, WU Yan-Yu, XIE Li
		In this paper, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution in the soil around one medical waste incineration plants in Guangdong province was investigated. The distribution characteristics of PAHs contamination were investigated. The soil around medical waste incineration plants was polluted in a certain extent. Sixteen PAHs were detected in all soil samples. The total PAHs content of soil samples ranged from 11.83to 788.24ng/g with 236.681ng/g average. The PAHs content in the leeward soil samples were higher significantly than in the soil against the wind, and the PAHs content in soil decreased with the distance from incineration plant increased.Coal and wood and fossil fuels combustion were the dominant sources of PAHs in the study areas with the source apportionment.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 108-112 [Abstract] ( 176 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 334KB] ( 493 )

	113	Characterization of airborne particulate metals in the surroundings of a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) in the Nanshan Shenzhen and health risk assessment via inhalation exposure
		QI Jian-Ying, ZHANG Hai-Long, FANG Jian-De, REN Ming-Zhong, LIN Bi-Gui, WANG Xiong, ZHANG Fei-Fei
		Take the Shenzhen Nanshan Municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) as the object, in total 18 ambient air samples and 8stacks gas samples were got. The study analyzed the distribution characteristics of incinerator ambient air heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr) and As in the surroundings of the MSWI . Correlation coefficients and principal component analysis were used to analyzed the relationship between stack gas emission and ambient air in the surrounding of the MSWI. The EPA Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (RAGS) was used to assess the exposure risk. The results demonstrated that the Pb and Cd value in the surroundings of the MSWI were in the accept level according to the Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB3095-2012); correlation coefficients and principal component analysis showed that the MSWI makes a small amount contributions for its surroundings heavy metals value. The risk assessment showed that the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks via inhalation exposure were in the accessible levels.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 113-118 [Abstract] ( 211 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 671KB] ( 715 )

	119	Characteristics of Nitrate Nitrogen Loss on Red Soil Slope under Simulated Rainfall Conditions
		REN Xiu-Wen, LI Kai-Ming, LIU Ai-Ping, JIANG Guo-Qiang
		To study the mechanism of nitrate nitrogen loss along with runoff, through artificial simulated rainfall, the process of runoff and the characteristics of nitrate nitrogen loss were analysed on five degree red soil slope under rainfall intensities 65mm/h and 120mm/h separately. The results showed that the Boltzmann equation could be used to describe the relationships between the rainfall duration and the runoff discharge under two different rainfall intensities, and there was a highly significant positive linear correlation between the rainfall duration and the accumulated discharge. The changes of nitrate nitrogen concentration were similar under two different conditions and could be well fitted by cubic polynomial curve. The accumulated loss of nitrate nitrogen was positively and significantly correlated with the rainfall duration. There was a highly significant positive linear correlation between the accumulated discharge and the accumulated loss of nitrate nitrogen. The accumulated discharge of surface runoff was the dominant factor and played an important role in the amount of nitrate nitrogen loss under different rainfall intensities.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 119-124 [Abstract] ( 189 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 813KB] ( 565 )

	125	The responds of cyanobacteria in Qinghai Lake to enhanced UV-B radiation
		SHI Xiao-Xia, XUE Lin-Gui
		We utilize the cyanobacteria A which isolated and purified form Qinghai Lake as experimental material. Study the effects of the short-term intensified UV-B radiation (240μW/cm2) on the content of biomass, chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein, MDA and proline. The results shows that after short-term intensified UV-B radiation the content of biomass was significant declines, the content of chlorophyll、carotenoid and protein was increased, meanwhile the contents of MDA and proline was decreased. Above states the cyanobacteria A in Qinghai Lake has evolved a adaptive mechanism after long-term intensified UV-B radiation, lipid peroxidation was reduced resulting in attenuation of damaging effects of UV-B, and in some degree UV-B radiation promotes the synthesis of photosynthetic pigment and protein.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 125-130 [Abstract] ( 233 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 363KB] ( 392 )

	131	Port development and eco-sensitive coastlines in Beibu Gulf Economic Zone: a GIS analysis
		SONG Wei-Wei, YU Yun-Jun, YANG Jian, YU Xi-Jun, LIU Hui
		The coastline of Beibu Gulf Economic Zone (BGEZ) was covered by variety of ecological sensitivity coastlines, which include natural protected areas, aquatic resource protection areas, scenic areas and aquaculture sites. They are widely distributed in the whole coastal areas of Guangxi, coast areas of Leizhou Peninsular in Guangdong, and the west coast of Hainan. All these coastlines are very sensitivity to port development, which will encroach or put much pressure on these areas. In order to minimize the impact of port development on coastlines, sensitivity coastlines need to be categorized and strictly controlled for policy decision and management. Based on digitalized maps and overlay analysis, the sensitivity of coastline was assessed and classified. These kinds of coastlines were further compared with those that were planned for port development in the corresponding plans. The results show that 13.7% of planned port coastlines were overlapped with sensitivity coastlines, with 14.8%, 11%, and 20% in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan, respectively. In order to better protect the sensitivity coastlines, it was recommended that the overlapped coastlines in the corresponding port plans should be readjusted or cancelled. And the total length of port coastline should be controlled in 502 km, with 185.7 km, 238.7 km, and 77.3 km in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan, respectively. It is also suggested that port development priority area should be given to Zhanjiang Port, Fangcheng Port, and Yangpu Port in Beibu Gulf Economic Zone.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 131-136 [Abstract] ( 172 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 850KB] ( 663 )

	137	Exposure assessment of PM2.5 for the students in Guangzhou university town
		WANG Jia, ZHENG Jun-Yu
		Indoor and outdoor PM2.5 were monitored simultaneously using pDR-1500monitors in typical microenvironments in Guangzhou university town from February to March, 2012, and a survey was also conducted to investigate the time-activity patterns of the university students. Potential exposure doses and exposure concentrations of PM2.5 for the students in the university town were estimated and the possible influencing factors were investigated. The potential exposure dose (DI) and daily exposure concentration of PM2.5 for the students in the university town were (882.3±241.0)μg/d and (102.8±8.0)μg/m3, respectively; the potential exposure dose of PM2.5 for the students in the university town per unit of body weight (DW) was (15.9±3.4)μg/(kg·d). PM2.5 exposure doses for the students in the university town was contributed by indoor, outdoor and traffic environments by 74.3%, 24.9% and 0.8%, respectively. The influencing factors on the DI were shown as: body weight > gender > age > exposure concentration > weekdays/weekends, while the influencing factors on the DW were shown as: exposure concentration > age > weekdays/weekends > gender. However, major was not a significant factor on the potential exposure doses of PM2.5.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 137-143 [Abstract] ( 182 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 477KB] ( 728 )

	144	Investigation and integrity analysis of benthic macroinvertebrates diversity in the Tanjiang River
		WANG Hong-Wei, XING Qing-Chao, LI Kai-Ming, WANG Hui, ZHAO Wen-Bo
		The benthos community of the the Tanjiang River were investigated in March and July, 2011. Diversity index was used to evaluate the water quality and Index of Biotic Integrity was established to assess health condition of the Tanjiang River. There were 8sections (20sampling points in total) of the Tanjiang River were selected for sampling and 29benthos species were collected in total. Index of Biotic Integrity was used to rate the water quality of sampling points. Indexs were screening to build B-IBI index system which was appropriated for Tanjiang. The indexs system includes Diversity index, species number, Margalef richness index, Evenness index and the percentage of snailsin molluscs. Results of integrity rating were related to the pollution and habitat of sampling points. The high, good, medium, bad and worse integrity ratings were 5, 3, 4, 5and 3respectively. The health condition of the Tanjiang River in summer is better than that in spring.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 144-148 [Abstract] ( 163 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 552KB] ( 552 )

	149	The technological system for systematic control of water pollution in rapid urbanization region in Dongjiang river basin
		WANG Zhen-Xing, CHEN Jian-Yu, XU Zhen-Cheng, PANG Zhi-Hua, HUANG Rong-Xin, LUO Qi-Jin
		In order to solve water pollution problems in high-speed urbanized area of Dongjiang watershed, and to ensure the sustainable socio-economic development, comprehensive analysis of long-term deterioration of water environment caused by environmental, economic and social factors was conducted in Longgang district, Shenzhen Province. Then, specific programs were developed for industrial layout optimization, industrial structures adjustment, pollution control project and environmental capacity improvement. In addition, an integrated strategy was proposed for the system control of water pollution in rapid urbanization region. Results showed that the organic and nutrient pollution fluxes were increased yearly. Additionally, the water environmental risk and trace contaminants should be taken into account. The average ratio of pollution flux/river flow of were reduced by 40% in medium-term and 50% in long-term, compared with that before the implementation of the integrated strategy.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 149-155 [Abstract] ( 178 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 598KB] ( 543 )

	156	Study on the effect of new carrier rotating biological contactor treatment of micro-polluted river water
		WEI Dong-Yang, DONG Pan-Pan, LI Jie, XU Zhen-Cheng
		The treatment effects of a new carrier of rotating biological contactor treating micro-polluted river water are studied. Results show that bio-disc load on polyurethane foam enhanced biological contactor treatment effects. Under the station of bio-disc at the speed of 3R/min, stay 2H condition, average removal rate of COD and NH3-N up to 84.37% and 86.22% respectively.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 156-159 [Abstract] ( 162 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 393KB] ( 537 )

	160	Vertical distribution characteristics of heavy metal in printed circuit board plant soil
		WU Yan-Yu, HU Xiao-Ying, PENG Xiao-Chun, HONG Hong-Jia
		In order to study heavy metal contamination in the soil of the printed circuit board plant area, soil samples with vertical depth 0~1000cm were collected and the vertical distribution characteristics of heavy metal Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cd, Hg and As were analyzed. The potential ecological risk and correlation matrix were applied to evaluate the heavy metal contamination degree of soil samples. The results indicated that a certain degree of pollution had been caused in the superficial soil by heavy metals Pb, Zn and As, where the main potential ecological hazards was Pb contamination with a moderate level. Moreover, the concentrations of heavy metals in soils samples decreased significantly with the vertical depth increase. The heavy metals of Pb, Zn, Cr and As were 114.69, 153.17, 55.88, 52.49mg/kg when the depth up to 150cm, which indicated there were heavy metals transformation from surface soil. But the transformation depth was limited without over 200cm. The correlation coefficient of heavy metals demonstrated that there were significant correlations among Pb, Zn, Cr and Cu and As, indicating combined pollution in printed circuit board plant area. The heavy metal contamination in soil were mainly caused by its long-term printed circuit board production.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 160-164 [Abstract] ( 215 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 354KB] ( 573 )

	165	The study on location selection of municipal solid waste incineration power plant based on health risk assessment
		XIANG Ming-Deng, YANG Lin, YU Yun-Jiang, REN Ming-Zhong, LI Liang-Zhong, SUN Jia-Ren
		The atmospheric environmental effect and human health risk of some characteristic pollutants such as mercury, cadmium, lead and dioxin emitted from a certain pre-constructed municipal solid waste incinerator were simulated for finding a more optimized location for the incinerator from the optional location scenario A and B. The results showed that the ratio of maximum ground concentration to standard concentration for each pollutant was lower in scenario B than A. Therefore, it is better for scenario B than A in terms of environmental capacity. Although the human health risks were both acceptable for the two scenarios, there were no sensitive receptors around the high-risk areas for scenario B while there are receptors closer to high-risk areas for scenario A. Therefore, the scenario B was lower than A in respect of human risk. Considering the two kinds of location selection scenarios, the scenario B was recommend for the final selection and human health risk assessment could be used as an important basis for the construction of waste incineration, particularly in the aspect of the location selection of incinerator.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 165-171 [Abstract] ( 199 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 746KB] ( 1101 )

	172	A study on the optimum selection of outlet site of Shenzhen and Huizhou submarine discharge systems at Daya Bay
		XIAO Jie-儿, ZENG Fan-Tang, ZHANG Heng
		In recent years, submarine discharge systems are become popular in coastal regions in order to reduce the waste load to inland rivers. However, impacts of waste water from submarine discharge systems on coastal waters could be significant. Environmental impacts of four submarine discharge sites (B1-B4) in Daya Bay were assessed by a three dimensional water quality model. Results showed that impact of plan 2 (Shenzhen and Huizhou discharging to B2 and B4, respectively) on Daya Bay was negligible. In the case of Shenzhen and Huizhou discharging together, impact of plan 6 (Shenzhen and Huizhou discharging to B4 together) on Daya Bay was not obvious. Impact of plan 3 (Shenzhen and Huizhou discharging to B3 together) on Daya Bay was significant, which is not suggested to be implemented.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 172-177 [Abstract] ( 166 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 470KB] ( 599 )

	178	The Assessment Method of Coastal Environmental Carrying Capacity
		YANG Jing, ZHANG Ren-Duo, WENG Shi-Chuang, YU Yun-Jun
		Recently, several regional development strategies in China’s coastal zones have become national. This will lead to huge pressures on the coastal environmental system. The assessment of Coastal Environmental Carrying Capacity (CECC) is one of the top concerned questions to determine the sustainable development of coastal areas.. Based on analysis of the concept and implication of CECC, the coastal ecosystem service was included in the CECC, which was represented as Sensibility of Vulnerable Ecosystem (SVE).The indicators of CECC were designed and structured, they consisted of indicators of sectors, population, economy, coastline, tidal mudflat, main water pollutants, and typical ecological sensitive zones. These indicators could reflect the relationship between the future economic growth and coastal environment quantitatively or quasi-quantitatively. The assessment method of CECC was also formed in this study. Then the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone (BGEZ) was used as a case study. The CECC assessement result could serve as a scientific reference for the local governments in the BGEZ. This study will enrich and improve the study of CECC in both theory and practice.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 178-185 [Abstract] ( 215 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 449KB] ( 660 )

	186	PCDD/Fs pollutions in exhaust gases from typical industries of the Pearl River Delta
		YANG Yan-Yan, HAN Jing-Lei, QING Xian, ZHANG Su-Kun, FANG Jian-De, FENG Gui-Xian, FU Jian-Ping
		Concentrations and congener profiles of PCDD/Fs in exhaust gases emitted from four typical industries of Pearl River Delta was studied. The results show that the concentrations of PCDD/Fs ranged from 0.00722 to15.0 ng-TEQ/m3. Concentration distributions of PCDD/Fs in exhaust gases emitted from four typical industries were as follows: waste incineration industry > iron and steel foundry industries > non-ferrous metals recycling industry > E-waste disposal, The 17 types of 2,3,7,8-substituted isomers were detected in different degrees, the percentage of 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF was the highest and the OCDF was the lowest. The percentages of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and 2,3,7,8-TCDF in exhaust gases emitted from four typical industries were given below: E-waste disposal > non-ferrous metals recycling industry > iron and steel foundry industries> waste incineration industry. The percentage of 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF in the iron and steel foundry industries was the highest in these four typical industries (24.24%); and the levels of PCDFs were higher than PCDDs. On the whole, the levels of lower chlorinated isomers were lower than those of the higher chlorinated isomers in the iron and steel foundry industries.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 186-190 [Abstract] ( 180 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 307KB] ( 511 )

	191	Growth characteristics of a dominate species in Cyanobacterial bloom of Gaozhou reservoir, mycrocysis aeruginosa.
		YAO Ling-Ai, XU Zhen-Cheng, ZHAO Xue-Min, GUO Qing-Wei, MA Qian-Li, HU Fang, GUO Jun-Cheng
		In this study, mycrocysis aeruginosa, a dominate species in the cyanobacterial bloom, was collected during blooming in 2010in Gaozhou reservoir. Isolation, purification and cultivation of mycrocysis aeruginosa were conducted in laboratory to study effects of light density and temperature on growth rate of mycrocysis aeruginosa in growth cultures with various nitrogen and phosphorus concentration. A relatively high growth rate of mycrocysis aeruginosa was found under the condition of 0.6mmol/L nitrogen, 24mmol/L phosphorus, 30mmol/(m2×s) light density and 25~30℃. The most suitable nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of mycrocysis aeruginosa in Gaozhou reservoir was higher than that in Tien Lake, Erhai Lake and Chaohu lake, while the most suitable concentration was lower than that in Taihu Lake. The optimum light density and temperature for growth of mycrocysis aeruginosa were 20~30℃similar to which in Erhai Lake and Tien Lake.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 191-197 [Abstract] ( 285 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 460KB] ( 685 )

	198	Contamination characteristics of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) in aquatic products from Guangzhou
		ZHANG Li-Juan, HU Guo-Cheng, HE Lian-Fang, HUANG Chu-Shan, ZHENG Jing, ZHENG Hai
		Dietary intake is probably the main route of exposure to per?uorinated compounds (PFCs), including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and per?uorooctanoic acid (PFOA). It is necessary to monitor the concentrations of PFCs in aquatic products which accounted for big proportion of coastal populations diet. PFOS and PFOA concentrations were measured in muscle and liver tissues of 63 fishery samples collected from Guangzhou province in China, an ultraperformance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) was used. The mean concentrations of PFOS in muscle and liver were 0.05~0.41ng/g and 0.25~3.18ng/g based on wet weight separately, while lower concentrations of PFOA were detected in aquatic products. Average daily intake and hazard ratio values for Guangzhou residents to PFOS and PFOA exposure via aquatic product consumption showed that concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in aquatic products from Guangzhou market had no health risk.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 198-202 [Abstract] ( 221 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 315KB] ( 756 )

	203	Effect of PCDD/Fs emission from a municipal solid waste incinerator on the vicinal soil
		ZHANG Man-Wen, ZHANG Zhen-Quan, ZHANG Su-Kun, FENG Gui-Xian, REN Ming-Zhong
		A total of fourteen sensitive points around a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) within 5km were selected to conduct soil monitoring of PCDD/Fs. The concentrations of special distribution, congener and homologue profiles and principal component analysis were carried out to assess the soil environmental impact of the MSWI. Based on the results, it was found that :(1) the concentration of PCDD/Fs in the sample collect from plant area was the highest (20.8I-TEQng/kg), but the rest were all in a relative low and safe levels (0.66-7.11I-TEQng/kg); (2) OCDD was the most significant contributor in congener and homologue profiles of all the samples, which implied the limited effect from the MSWI; (3) traffic emission but not this MSWI was the primary contributor of PCDD/Fs in the study field through principal component analysis.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 203-209 [Abstract] ( 252 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 534KB] ( 559 )

	210	Research on optimum selection of rural domestic sewage treatment technology
		ZHANG Ying-Min, LU Wen-Zhou, WANG Wei, LI Kai-Ming, XUE Yuan, ZHOU Wei-Jian
		This paper constructed index architecture model for optimum selection of rural domestic sewage treatment technology based on grey relational analysis method. The model proposed in this paper considers a set of key indexes including construction investment, operation cost, building area, treatment efficiency, management level so as to determine the index weight by grey relational analysis method and professional experiences. The proposed model could provide scientific evidence to optimum selection of rural domestic sewage treatment technology. And its theoretical and practical significance is proved by practical cases tests.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 210-214 [Abstract] ( 206 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 646KB] ( 558 )

	215	Relation of the PAHs internal exposure of people in the community groups in the South China and the pollution of ambient air
		ZHAO Bo, REN Ming-Zhong, ZHANG Su-Kun, FANG Jian-De, XU Zhen-Cheng
		On the simultaneously determination of the PAHs pollution in the air and the hydroxyl PAHs in the urine samples in the selected districts, this research discussed the relation of the 1-hydroxypyrene in human urine and the Pyrene, PAHs, PM10 and PM2.5 in the ambient air. Our research showed that there was significant correlation coefficient of the concentration of the 1-hydroxypyrene in the urine samples and the Pyrene in the ambient air samples. However, no significant correlation coefficient of the concentration of the 1-hydroxypyrene and the PAHs was found here. This result showed that the concentrations of the 1-hydroxypyrene in people’s urine samples reflected the pollution situation of Pyrene in the ambient air with which the local people suffered. It was also indicated that the deficiency was exist when the 1-hydroxypyrene was taken as the biomarker of the pollution of ambient air.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 215-219 [Abstract] ( 165 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 285KB] ( 631 )

	220	Aquatic ecological risk assessment for persistent organochlorine pollutants at the Pearl River Estuary
		ZHAO Xiao, DUAN Li-Jie, ZHANG Bin, LIU Ming-Qing
		Aimed at the aquatic ecological risk assessment of the persistent organochlorine pollutants (OCPs) in the nearshore marine environment, an ecological risk assessment method was established to estimate POPs threats to aquatic populations (Trichiurus haumela population) at the Pearl River Estuary, which was divided into five stages (risk source analysis, risk receptor estimation, exposure estimation, damage estimation and total risk assessment). Based on the risk source (DDTs concentration in the seawater and sediments) analysis and risk receptor (Trichiurus haumela population) estimation A bioaccumulation model was used to estimate the DDTs concentration in zooplankton, benthos, and fish and the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation method was used to analyze the uncertainty in the bioaccumulation process. Then the chronic toxicity dose-response relationship, estimated by ICE and ACE software, was used to calculate the mortality rates in different stages with the DDTs concentrations. Last, the demographic modeling (Leslie matrix) was used to assess the ecological risk of DDTs damage on the population. 1.3511% reduction in the biomass of the population was estimated for the maximum probability in 10,000MC simulations, which can be accepted. A new overall ecological risk assessment method was established, which can be used in environmental risk assessment of POPs exposure in multimedia environmental.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 220-225 [Abstract] ( 200 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 567KB] ( 457 )

	226	The variation contrastive analysis of economic gravity center and urban residential pollution gravity center of China: 1998-2008
		ZHAO Kun-Rong, LIN Kui, XU Zhen-Cheng, YANG Da-Yong, YANG Jian, LIU Hui
		There is a strong correlation between urban residential pollution and social-economic development in China. The method of gravity center shift is adopt to examine the shift of both economic gravity center and pollution gravity center in this study. Firstly, statistical data between 1998 and 2008 were collected from statistical yearbooks, with domestic sewage discharge, discharge of COD, and discharge of NH3-N for pollution factors, and GDP, population, and disposable income of residents for economic factors. Secondly, regional pollution gravity center and economic gravity center were calculated accordingly. Their dynamics and spatial relationship were illustrated and compared in terms of distance of shift, deviation of shift, comparison of pathway, and their spatial relationship. The results show an obvious deviation for different gravity centers. In longitude, it shows a negative correlation between the gravity center of population with gravity center of domestic sewage discharge, discharge of COD, and discharge of NH3-N, a positive correlation between GDP and COD, NH3-N, and a negative correlation between disposable income of residents and gravity center of urban point-source residential pollution. In latitude, the social and economic gravity center shows a positive correlation with gravity center of COD, and NH3-N. The gravity center of urban point-source residential pollution exhibits a negative correlation with gravity center of GDP and disposable income of residents, and a positive correlation with gravity center of population.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 226-232 [Abstract] ( 185 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 495KB] ( 511 )

	233	Water quality risk assessment based on nitrogen and phosphorus in Longjiang River
		ZHAO Xue-Min, MA Qian-Li, YAO Ling-Ai, HU Fang, LUO Geng-Zhao, XU Zhen-Cheng, GUO Qing-Wei, WANG Zhen-Xing, ZENG Dong
		Longjiang River is the biggest tributary of Liujiang River. In wet and dry season in 2012, the characteristic of temporal-spatial variation of nitrogen and phosphorus was studied, and eutrophication risk assessment was done as well. The results showed that nitrogen pollution in Longjiang River was severe and TN concentration was higher in wet season than that in dry season. The range of TN concentration was 1.33~3.15mg/L in wet season and 1.25~2.26mg/L in dry season. NO3-N/TN in wet and dry season was 0.67 and 0.84 respectively, which showed that NO3-N was the major form of nitrogen in Longjiang River. TP concentration was higher in dry season than in wet season. In dry season, TP concentration was 0.04~0.12mg/L and in wet season was 0.03~0.07mg/L. N/P ratio showed that phosphorus was the limited nutrient for the growth of phytoplankton in Longjiang River. According to trophic level index, TLI (∑), it was mesotrophic for most reach of Longjiang River. Potential risk of algal bloom exists in dry season in Longjiang River.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 233-238 [Abstract] ( 196 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 391KB] ( 515 )

	239	Design and analysis on public subjective survey of light pollution in Guangzhou
		ZHOU Li-Xuan, WU Yan-Yu, GUAN 恩Hao, FANG Qiao-Li, PENG Xiao-Chun, ZHANG Xiao-Na, HUANG Si-Yu, ZHANG Yue-南, LEI Guo-Jian
		Public subjective survey, which investigated public awareness of light pollution, its effect, public attitude towards it and measures taken to control it, was carried out around six typical light pollution sources in Guangzhou City. The survey found that about 98% of the respondents believed that light pollution exists in Guangzhou, more than half of them thought their daily life is influenced by light pollution, and most of them were convinced that money couldn't cover the impact of light pollution.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 239-244 [Abstract] ( 230 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 454KB] ( 664 )

	245	Estimation of the stability of cadmium flocs
		ZHUO Qiong-Fang, XU Zhen-Cheng, GUO Qing-Wei, YI Hao, WANG Zhen-Xing, LIU Wang-Rong
		“Chemical precipitation in the mild alkaline solution” was usually adopted to treat environmental cadmium pollution emergencies in rivers. After the emergency response, whether cadmium flocs in the bottom of the river release cadmium drew the attention of people. The effects of pH, rotating speed, the sediment content, and the temperature on the cadmium release were estimated in this study. The experimental results showed that the effect of pH was appreciable. The cadmium concentration was increased at the lower pH, and it decreased with pH increase. The cadmium concentration was 1.36 times than that in the standard of 5 μg/L at pH 5, and it didn’t exceeded the standard within pH 6~9. The increase of sediment decreased the concentration of cadmium because sediment were the kind of coagulant. The cadmium concentration was 0.24 times than that in the standard under the condition of 360r/min, pHo5, and sediment content of 0.03 g/L. Cadmium ion concentration decreased with the increase of rotating speed. The cadmium flocs remained stable when the temperature ranged from 10 to 20, and the cadmium concentration decreased with the time at 30℃.
		2013 Vol. 33 (增刊): 245-248 [Abstract] ( 214 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 292KB] ( 492 )

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