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利用水通道蛋白正渗透膜浓缩生活污水
Concentrating domestic sewage using aquaporin biomimetic forward osmosis membrane
为从生活污水中回收水资源并同时减少后续处理的反应器容积，本研究采用水通道蛋白正渗透膜对生活污水进行浓缩，并探究不同汲取液对生活污水的浓缩效果和膜污染的影响.在污水体积浓缩至初始的1/10时，氮、磷等浓度浓缩倍数仅为1~3左右，而有机物和金属离子浓度浓缩倍数约为4~7，浓缩后污水COD/TN从2.9增至10.9，生物脱氮潜力明显提高.由于汲取液的盐反向扩散和原料液中污染物浓度的升高，高离子强度是影响污染物截留率的重要原因.浓缩时采用高浓度汲取液会导致膜表面出现结垢，膜污染严重.采用MgCl2作为汲取液可有效减轻浓缩过程中的盐度累积，且Mg2+的作用还可促进微生物活性，但这也可能导致水通道蛋白的分解.
In order to recover water resources from domestic sewage and reduce the reactor volume for subsequent treatment, aquaporin biomimetic forward osmosis membrane was used to concentrate domestic sewage. The effect of different draw solution on domestic sewage concentration and membrane fouling was explored. In the process of concentration, the volume of sewage was reduced to about 1/10 of the initial volume; while the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were about 1~3 times of their initial concentrations, the concentration of organic matter and metal ions were about 4~7 times of their initial concentrations. The ratio COD/TN of sewage increased from 2.9 to 10.9, which increased the potential for biological nitrogen removal. Due to the reverse salt diffusion of the draw solution and the increase of the pollutant concentration in the feed solution, the high ionic strength affected the rejection of pollutants. Using draw solution with high concentration can cause severe scaling and fouling of the membrane surface. MgCl2 as the draw solution can effectively alleviate the accumulation of salinity during the concentration process, and Mg2+ can promote microbial activity, but it could also lead to the decomposition of aquaporin.
膜污染 / 浓缩 / 生活污水 / 水通道蛋白膜 / 正渗透
aquaporin biomimetic membrane / concentration / domestic sewage / forward osmosis / membrane fouling
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国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2015ZX07306-001）；上海市科委政府间国际合作项目（18230712100）
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