城市固废好氧加速稳定及碳氮迁移试验研究

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摘要选取上海市老港填埋场3~4a垃圾做室内强制通风单元体试验,监测固、液、气三相成分变化,并对有机污染负荷的削减规律以及碳、氮元素的迁移规律进行分析与研究.结果表明,固相纤维素/木质素(C/L)值从初始0.8降至0.4以下,固相中BDM、TOC、TN也有降低,固相指标降解速率呈现前期大后期小的特点,且上层垃圾降解程度更大.液相pH值、EC维持在固定区间,有机污染负荷得到了极大地削减,在整个试验期间,TOC、COD、BOD降解率分别达97%、94%、94%,TN、NH₄-N的降解率分别达到95%、94%.试验期间,累积CO₂释放量6.7kg,累计N₂释放量0.75kg.C/L值、降解稳定化归一指标β可作为固相垃圾稳定化程度判定指标,BOD/COD、NH₄-N/TN值可作为液相中可降解物质稳定化程度判定指标.根据质量守恒原理,对试验过程中碳、氮元素的迁移进行了分析.固相累积损失C质量2.09kg,液相累积流失C质量0.14kg,CO₂累积释放C质量1.83kg.固相累积损失N质量0.62kg,液相累积流失N质量0.08kg,N₂累积释放N质量0.75kg.降解基本结束后,固相中仍然残存着大量的不可降解或者难降解的含碳及含氮化合物.

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	肖电坤
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关键词 ：城市生活垃圾, 好氧加速降解, 有机污染负荷削减, 稳定化指标, 碳平衡, 氮平衡

Abstract：The 3-4-year-old municipal solid waste (MSW) of Shanghai Laogang landfill was selected for the indoor forced ventilation unit test. The changes of solid, liquid, and gas components were monitored, and the reduction law of organic pollution load and the migration law of carbon and nitrogen were analyzed and studied. The results show that: The value of cellulose/lignin (C/L) in the solid phase decreased from the initial 0.8 to less than 0.4, BDM, TOC, and TN in the solid phase also decreased. The degradation rate of solid index was large in the early stage and small in the late stage, and the degradation degree of waste in the upper layer was greater. The pH and EC of the liquid phase were maintained in a fixed range, and the organic pollution load has been greatly reduced. During the whole test period, the degradation rates of TOC, COD, and BOD reached 97%, 94%, and 94% respectively. The degradation rates of TN and NH₄-N reached 95% and 94% respectively. During the test, the cumulative CO₂ release was 6.7kg and the cumulative N₂release was 0.75kg. C/L value, degradation stabilization normalization index β can be used as indexes to judge the stabilization degree of MSW. BOD/COD and NH₄-N/TN values can be used as indicators to determine the stability of degradable substances in the liquid phase. According to the principle of mass conservation, the migration of carbon and nitrogen during the experiment was analyzed. The cumulative loss of carbon mass in the solid phase was 2.09kg, the cumulative loss of carbon mass in the liquid phase was 0.14kg, and the cumulative release of carbon mass in CO₂ was 1.83kg. The cumulative loss of nitrogen mass in the solid phase was 0.62kg, the cumulative loss of nitrogen mass in the liquid phase was 0.08kg, and the cumulative release of nitrogen mass in N₂was 0.75kg. After the degradation, there are still a large number of non-degradable or refractory carbon and nitrogen compounds in the solid phase.

Key words： municipal solid waste aerobic accelerated degradation organic pollution load reduction indicators of stabilization carbon balance nitrogen balance

收稿日期: 2021-10-11

PACS:

X705

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51988101和51508504);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LQ21E080003);建设部科技计划项目(2020-K-026,2021-K-125);浙江省‘尖兵’‘领雁’研发攻关计划资助项目(2022C03095)

通讯作者: 徐文杰,副教授,wenjiexu@zju.edu.cn E-mail: wenjiexu@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 肖电坤(1991-),男,安徽阜阳人,博士研究生,主要从事环境岩土科研工作.发表论文7篇.

引用本文:

肖电坤, 陈云敏, 徐文杰, 詹良通, 柯瀚, 何海杰, 刘远锋. 城市固废好氧加速稳定及碳氮迁移试验研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(5): 2204-2212. XIAO Dian-kun, CHEN Yun-min, XU Wen-jie, ZHAN Liang-tong, KE Han, HE Hai-jie, LIU Yuan-feng. Experimental study on aerobic accelerated stabilization and carbon and nitrogen migration of municipal solid waste. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(5): 2204-2212.

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