塔里木盆地绿洲带地下水咸化机制

鲁涵; 曾妍妍; 周金龙; 孙英; 马常莲

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中国环境科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10) : 5378-5389.

环境生态

塔里木盆地绿洲带地下水咸化机制

鲁涵, 曾妍妍, 周金龙, 孙英, 马常莲

作者信息 +

Mechanism of groundwater salinization in the oasis zone of the Tarim Basin

LU Han, ZENG Yan-yan, ZHOU Jin-long, SUN Ying, MA Chang-lian

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

采用Durov图、PMF模型、Gibbs图、离子比值法和饱和指数法对2016~2018年采集的1326组地下水样品进行分析，揭示研究区地下水中盐分的来源及高盐地下水形成的驱动因素.结果表明：在研究区绿洲带微咸水和咸水占比分别为37.2%和19.1%，水化学类型主要为SO₄·Cl型；在微咸水、咸水、盐水和卤水中岩盐、石膏等蒸发盐岩的持续溶解是导致高盐地下水形成的主要驱动因素，Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺与TDS（P<0.001）及岩盐、石膏的SI值与TDS（P<0.001）之间均呈现出极显著的正相关性，也证实了这一点；冲积平原区较差的地下水动力条件、细粒岩性和弱碱性的水化学环境为地下水中盐分的富集创造了有利条件，蒸发浓缩作用和阳离子交换作用是形成高盐地下水的次要因素；由于人类活动的影响，导致承压水区高TDS潜水沿井壁入渗补给承压水含水层，也是加剧深层地下水咸化的潜在因素.

Abstract

Durov diagram, PMF model, Gibbs diagram, ion ratio and saturation index method were used to analyze 1326 groundwater samples collected from 2016 to 2018, revealing the sources and driving forces of high salinity groundwater formation. The results showed that the proportion of brackish water and saline water in the oasis zone was 37.2% and 19.1%, respectively, and the hydrochemical type of groundwater was mainly SO₄-Cl. The continuous dissolution of evaporate rock such as halite and gypsum in brackish water, saline water, salt water and brine was the main driving factor for the formation of high salinity groundwater, which was also confirmed by the extremely significant positive correlation between Cl^-, SO₄^2-, Na⁺ and TDS (P<0.001), and between SI values of halite, gypsum and TDS(P<0.001). The poor groundwater dynamic conditions, fine-grained lithology and weakly alkaline hydrochemical environment in the alluvial plain area created favorable conditions for the enrichment of salts in groundwater, evaporation concentration and cation exchange were secondary factors in the formation of highly salinity groundwater. Due to the influence of human activities, high TDS phreatic water in confined groundwater areas infiltrated and recharged confined groundwater along the well wall, which was also a potential factor to intensify the salinization of deep groundwater.

导出引用

鲁涵, 曾妍妍, 周金龙, 孙英, 马常莲. 塔里木盆地绿洲带地下水咸化机制[J]. 中国环境科学. 2023, 43(10): 5378-5389

LU Han, ZENG Yan-yan, ZHOU Jin-long, SUN Ying, MA Chang-lian. Mechanism of groundwater salinization in the oasis zone of the Tarim Basin[J]. China Environmental Science. 2023, 43(10): 5378-5389

中图分类号： X523

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