不同生态类型区对人类活动净氮输入的影响——以北方农牧交错带为例

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摘要为探究中国北方农牧交错带在不同生态类型区人类活动对净氮输入的影响，基于人类活动净氮输入模型（NANI），以北方农牧交错带7省、23地级市的统计数据及相关参数，分析1985~2020年NANI的时空分布特征及影响因素.结果表明：1985~2020年研究区NANI呈先上升后下降趋势，河北省贡献最高.黄土丘陵沟壑水土流失区与北方农牧交错带NANI年际变化一致、京津冀水源涵养区和长城沿线沙化退化区NANI年际变化值呈上升趋势.空间分布呈由西北向东南逐渐降低的趋势.从输入组分来看，研究区最大贡献源为氮肥施用（30.34%~56.29%），其次是大气氮沉降（31.20%~47.23%），黄土丘陵沟壑水土流失区主要输入组分为氮肥施用和食品/饲料氮输入（累计76.46%~85.14%）.对北方农牧交错带NANI影响最大的两个因素为人口密度和畜禽量.因此，中国北方农牧交错带的农业结构调整需结合分区进行管控，调整氮肥使用策略和畜禽养殖模式，促进区域农牧业与生态环境之间的深度融合.

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	刘欢
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	武淑霞
	刘宏斌

关键词 ：中国北方农牧交错带, 净人为氮输入, 人类活动, 氮素

Abstract：This study aimed to investigate the impacts of human activities on net Nitrogen (N) input under different ecological type zones of the agricultural-pastoral ecotone in Northern China. Based on Net Anthropogenic Nitrogen Input (NANI) model, statistical data and relevant parameters collected from 7 provinces and 23 prefecture-level cities within the agricultural-pastoral ecotone were analyzed to determine the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of NANI from 1985 to 2020. The results showed that the trend of NANI in the region initially increased and then declined from 1985 to 2020, and Hebei Province contributed the highest to the NANI value. The NANI trends in the hilly and gully erosion area of Loess Plateau and the northern agricultural-pastoral ecotone inter-annual were similar, while the NANI values in the water source conservation zone of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the soil desertification and degradation area along the Great Wall appeared to show an upward trend. The overall spatial distribution of NANI values presented a gradually decreasing characteristic from northwest to southeast. In terms of input components, the largest contribution source in the entire study area was N fertilizer use (30.34%~56.29%), followed by atmospheric N deposition (31.20%~47.23%). The key input components in the hilly and gully erosion area of Loess Plateau were N fertilizer application and food/livestock feed N input (accumulating to 76.46%~85.14%). The two factors that had the greatest effect on NANI values in the northern farming-pastoral ecotone were population density and the quantity of livestock and poultry. Therefore, farming systems restructuring in the agricultural-pastoral ecotone of Northern China should integrate with zoning governance strategy, adjusting N fertilizer use schemes, livestock and poultry breeding modes to promote the deep consolidation between regional agriculture and the ecological environment.

Key words： agricultural-pastoral ecotone in Northern China net anthropogenic nitrogen input (NANI) human activities nitrogen

收稿日期: 2023-03-01

PACS:

X71

基金资助:国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金项目（U20A20114）；泰山产业领军人才工程项目（LJNY202125）；鄂尔多斯沿黄灌区农业污染时空变异规律与农田生态系统健康评价（JBGS-2021-001）

通讯作者: 雷秋良,研究员,leiqiuliang@caas.cn E-mail: leiqiuliang@caas.cn

作者简介: 刘欢(1998-),女,辽宁辽阳人,中国农业科学院硕士研究生,主要研究方向为农业面源污染.82101222130@caas.cn.

引用本文:

刘欢, 雷秋良, 杜新忠, 安妙颖, 刘晓彤, 邱卫文, 武淑霞, 刘宏斌. 不同生态类型区对人类活动净氮输入的影响——以北方农牧交错带为例[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(10): 5368-5377. LIU Huan, LEI Qiu-liang, DU Xin-zhong, AN Miao-ying, LIU Xiao-tong, QIU Wei-wen, WU Shu-xia, LIU-Hong-bin. Impacts of human activities on net nitrogen input under different ecological type zones—A case study in agricultural-pastoral ecotone of Northern China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(10): 5368-5377.

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