兰州市一次持续重污染过程的气象条件分析

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摘要利用常规气象观测资料、PM₁₀浓度资料及ERA-5再分析资料,对2021年3月14~21日兰州地区一次持续性重污染过程进行分析,结果表明:此次兰州重污染过程主要污染物为PM₁₀,主要来源是输入性沙尘,上游甘肃河西西部、内蒙古西部及蒙古中部在13日傍晚到夜间、14~15日及19日清晨有3个起沙过程;连续3次沙尘输入以及本地沉降缓慢是重污染过程持续时间长的主要原因.沙尘的输送路径主要是河套-宁夏-兰州及阿拉善-宁夏南部-兰州;输送高度主要在1.5~3km.上游白银、中卫的地面风速增大可以预报兰州市沙尘天气的减弱,下沉对流能的突变可以预报兰州市PM₁₀浓度的增加,混合层厚度大值中心的位置和移动方向可以指示沙尘输送的方向.

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关键词 ：重污染过程, 持续性沙尘天气, 沙尘输送, 混合层厚度, 稳定度指数

Abstract：Based on the analysis of a persistent heavy pollution process in Lanzhou from March 14 to 21 in 2021, several conclusions were drawn that the main pollutant was PM₁₀, and the main source was imported dust, there were three sand-releasing processes in the west of Hexi, the west of Inner Mongolia and the middle of Mongolia. The main reasons for the long and heavy pollution process was that the dust continuous input and slowly settled. The main transport routes were Hetao-Ningxia-Lanzhou and Alxa-Southern Ningxia-Lanzhou. The height of dust transport was mainly 1.5~3km. The location and moving direction of the upper surface wind speed, the great value of mixed layer thickness and the local dry and warm index could help to predict dust weather in Lanzhou.

Key words： heavy pollution process persistent dust weather dust transport mixed layer thickness stability Index

收稿日期: 2023-04-26

PACS:

X513

基金资助:甘肃省青年科技基金资助项目(22JR5RA1061)

通讯作者: 张宁,高级工程师,395998248@qq.com E-mail: 395998248@qq.com

作者简介: 叶燕华(1972-),女,福建南安人,高级工程师,主要从事短期天气预报工作和大气环境研究.发表论文7篇.65376963@qq.com.

引用本文:

叶燕华, 张宁, 王基鑫, 甘泽文, 田祎楠. 兰州市一次持续重污染过程的气象条件分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(12): 6281-6289. YE Yan-hua, ZHANG Ning, WANG Ji-xin, GAN Ze-wen, TIAN Yi-nan. Analysis of meteorological conditions of a continuous heavy pollution process affecting Lanzhou. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(12): 6281-6289.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I12/6281

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