基于地基雷达探究和田市一次沙尘污染过程

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摘要 2022年5月新疆和田市遭遇了近5a来最强的一次沙尘暴天气侵袭,沙尘污染过程持续了一周.利用大气气溶胶激光雷达、环境监测站污染物浓度和近地面气象观测资料,分析了此次沙尘污染过程中颗粒物浓度变化、气溶胶光学信息垂直分布特征,并使用全球再分析资料得出本次污染天气的气象匹配形态,最后结合HYSPLIT后向轨迹模型解析过境期间气团的输送及潜在来源.结果表明:沙尘污染期间,PM_2.5和PM₁₀变化趋势较为一致且在垂直高度上存在非均一性,PM_2.5/PM₁₀均值为0.25,表明主要以粗颗粒物为主,风速与温度的增加、湿度的降低有利于促成污染天气的发生;沙尘污染期间出现了明显的气溶胶层,在垂直方向上有显著的波动性变化,沙尘发生当日消光系数、后向散射系数和退偏振比达到了本次过程最大值,分别为3.5km^-1、0.07km^-1·sr^-1和0.17;和田市在春季处于热低压场中,在西风背景环境与塔里木盆地周边地形阻挡下污染物难以稀释与扩散,沙尘气团长时间在此盘踞,是本次污染持续时间较长的原因;本次沙尘天气过程污染物主要来自于新疆北部、新疆南部的塔克拉玛干沙漠以及周边的斯坦国家且污染源主要以内源性沙尘气溶胶的排放贡献为主.

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	阴璐璐
	何清
	李京龙
	孟露
	付光祥
	吴彩云
	肖鸿丹
	范旭雨晨

关键词 ：和田市, 沙尘气溶胶, 垂直分布, 光学信息

Abstract：In May 2022, Hotan City,Xinjiang suffered the strongest sandstorm in nearly five years, and the sand and dust pollution process lasted for a week. In this paper, the changes of particulate matter concentration and the vertical distribution characteristics of aerosol optical information in the process of sand and dust pollution were analyzed by using atmospheric aerosol lidar, pollutant concentration of environmental monitoring station and near-ground meteorological observation data, and the meteorological matching pattern of this polluted weather was obtained by using global reanalysis data, and finally the transport and potential sources of air mass during transit were analyzed by combining HYSPLIT backward trajectory model. The results showed that during the period of sand and dust pollution, the trend of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ was consistent and there was heterogeneity in vertical height, and the average PM_2.5/PM₁₀ was 0.25, indicating that coarse particulate matter was the main thing, and the increase of wind speed, temperature and humidity were conducive to the occurrence of polluted weather. During the dust pollution, there was an obvious aerosol layer, and there were significant fluctuations in the vertical direction, and the extinction coefficient, backscatter coefficient and depolarization ratio reached the maximum values of the process, which were 3.5km^-1, 0.07km^-1·sr^-1 and 0.17, respectively. In the spring, Hotan City is in a hot and low-pressure field, and it is difficult to dilute and diffuse pollutants under the background environment of the westerly wind and the surrounding terrain of the Tarim Basin, and the sand and dust air masses have been entrenched here for a long time, which is the reason for the long duration of this pollution. The pollutants in this sand and dust weather process mainly came from the Taklamakan Desert in northern Xinjiang, southern Xinjiang and the surrounding countries of stan, and the pollution sources were mainly the emission contribution of endogenous sand and dust aerosols.

Key words： Hotan City dust aerosols vertical distribution optical information

收稿日期: 2023-04-14

PACS:

X513

基金资助:第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk030501)

通讯作者: 何清,研究员,qinghe@idm.cn E-mail: qinghe@idm.cn

作者简介: 阴璐璐(1996-),女,新疆吐鲁番人,新疆师范大学硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区环境演变与灾害防治研究.1498240373@qq.com.

引用本文:

阴璐璐, 何清, 李京龙, 孟露, 付光祥, 吴彩云, 肖鸿丹, 范旭雨晨. 基于地基雷达探究和田市一次沙尘污染过程[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(12): 6290-6300. YIN Lu-lu, HE Qing, LI Jing-long, MENG Lu, FU Guang-xiang, WU Cai-yun, XIAO Hong-dan, FAN Xu-yu-chen. Ground-based ridar-based investigation of a sand and dust pollution process in Hotan City. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(12): 6290-6300.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I12/6290

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