蚯蚓堆肥过程中重金属的迁移转化及影响因素

章强; 郭晓明; 原名扬; 周雷强; 徐小涛

PDF(6263 KB)

中国环境科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4) : 2166-2183.

固体废物

蚯蚓堆肥过程中重金属的迁移转化及影响因素

章强¹, 郭晓明¹, 原名扬¹, 周雷强², 徐小涛³

作者信息 +

Transport and transformation of heavy metals during earthworm composting process and the corresponding influencing factors

ZHANG Qiang¹, GUO Xiao-ming¹, YUAN ming-yang¹, ZHOU Lei-qiang², XU Xiao-tao³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为了研究蚯蚓堆肥过程中重金属的迁移转化特征,利用不同质量的牛粪(350~400g)、秸秆(150~200g)和过磷酸钙(25~75g)混合配比成6组基质,探索分析添加蚯蚓(50~150g)堆肥过程中基质重金属(Cu、V、Mn、As、Zn和Cr)总量和形态的变化特征及其影响因素.结果表明:与添加蚯蚓质量为50g与100g相比,添加蚯蚓质量为150g时, Cu(总量27.00mg/kg,可氧化态22.03mg/kg)、Zn(总量288.89mg/kg,可还原态22.03mg/kg)、V(总量15.22mg/kg,残渣态8.87mg/kg)和Cr(总量26.79mg/kg)是显著较低的(P<0.05);4周的蚯蚓堆肥降低了Mn、As的总量和Cu、V的生物有效性,但增加了Cu、V、Zn的总量和Mn、Zn的生物有效性;基质pH值和有机质含量是影响堆肥过程中重金属总量及其形态明显变化的关键因素;基于潜在风险指数和风险评价编码法发现基质还田对土壤重金属污染的潜在风险较小.

Abstract

In order to study the transport and transformation characteristics of heavy metals (HMs) during the process of earthworm composting, six groups of composting substrates were prepared by combining different proportions of cow manure (350~400g), straw (150~200g), and calcium superphosphate (25~75g), followed by addition of earthworms with different masses (50~150g). Changes in the total contents and occurrence forms of HMs (Cu, V, Mn, As, Zn, and Cr) in the substrate were investigated. In comparison to the treatment groups with addition of 50g and 100g earthworm, significantly lower contents (P<0.05) were observed for the group with 150g earthworm addition in terms of total Cu (27.00mg/kg), oxidizable Cu (22.03mg/kg), total Zn (288.89mg/kg), reducible Zn (22.03mg/kg), total V (5.22mg/kg), residual V (8.87mg/kg) and total Cr (26.79mg/kg), respectively. Four weeks of earthworm composting increased the contents of total Cu, total V, total Zn, and the bioavailability of Mn and Zn, but decreased the contents of total Mn, total As and the bioavailability of Cu and V. Both the pH and organic matter content in the substrate were identified to be the key factors influencing the observed changes in the total amount and occurrence forms of HMs during the composting process. Based on the assessment of potential risk index and risk assessment coding, it is suggested that the risk of soil contamination by HMs induced by compost amendment is relatively small.

导出引用

章强, 郭晓明, 原名扬, 周雷强, 徐小涛. 蚯蚓堆肥过程中重金属的迁移转化及影响因素[J]. 中国环境科学. 2024, 44(4): 2166-2183

ZHANG Qiang, GUO Xiao-ming, YUAN ming-yang, ZHOU Lei-qiang, XU Xiao-tao. Transport and transformation of heavy metals during earthworm composting process and the corresponding influencing factors[J]. China Environmental Science. 2024, 44(4): 2166-2183

中图分类号： X705

参考文献

[1] 何梦媛,董同喜,茹淑华,等.畜禽粪便有机肥中重金属在土壤剖面中积累迁移特征及生物有效性差异[J]. 环境科学, 2017,38(4):1576-1586. He M Y, Dong T X, Ru S H, et al. Accumulation and migration characteristics in soil profiles and bioavailability of heavy metals from livestock manure[J]. Environmental Science, 2017,38(4):1576-1586.
[2] 沈秀丽,燕海朋,曾剑飞,等.畜禽粪便生物炭内源重金属在酸性土壤中的迁移转化[J]. 农业工程学报, 2022,38(8):209-217. Shen X L, Yan H P, Zeng J F, et al. Migration and transformation of endogenous heavy metals from animal manure biochar in acid soil[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2022,38(8):209-217.
[3] 徐俊杰,夏慧,魏枫沂,等.污泥蚯蚓堆肥对染色体和质粒上耐药基因归趋的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023,43(2):694-701. Xu J J, Xia H, Wei F Y, et al. Fate of antibiotic resistance genes on chromosomes and plasmids affected by earthworms during vermicomposting of dewatered sludge[J]. China Environmental Science, 2023,43(2):694-701.
[4] Liu X L, Hu C X, Zhang S Z. Effects of earthworm activity on fertility and heavy metal bioavailability in sewage sludge[J]. Environment International, 2005,31(6):874-879.
[5] Lv B, Xing M Y, Yang J. Speciation and transformation of heavy metals during vermicomposting of animal manure[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2016,209:397-401.
[6] Sudkolai S T, Nourbakhsh F. Urease activity as an index for assessing the maturity of cow manure and wheat residue vermicomposts[J]. Waste Management, 2017,64:63-66.
[7] 蔡琳琳.园林绿化废弃物蚯蚓堆肥腐熟过程控制及氮转化机制研究[D]. 北京:北京林业大学, 2022. Cai L L. Study on decomposing process control and nitrogen conversion mechanism in green waste vermicomposting[D]. Beijing:Beijing Forestry University, 2022.
[8] 李云,邱慧珍,张建斌,等.添加过磷酸钙和糠醛渣对好氧堆肥过程中氨气排放和氮素转化的影响[J]. 环境工程学报, 2021,15(12):3992-4000. Li Y, Qiu H Z, Zhang J B, et al. Effects of superphosphate and furfural residue addition on NH₃emissions and nitrogen conversion during the aerobic composting[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2021,15(12):3992-4000.
[9] 蔡琳琳,李素艳,康跃,等.沸石、膨润土和过磷酸钙对蚯蚓堆肥园林绿化废弃物腐熟效果的影响[J]. 应用基础与工程科学学报, 2020,28(2):299-309. Cai L L, Li S Y, Kang Y, et al. Effects of zeolite,bentonite and calcium superphosphate on the vermicomposting of green wastes[J]. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2020,28(2):299-309.
[10] He M M, Tian G M, Liang X Q. Phytotoxicity and speciation of copper, zinc and lead during the aerobic composting of sewage sludge[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009,163(2/3):671-677.
[11] Wang L M, Zheng Z, Zhang Y M, et al. Biostabilization enhancement of heavy metals during the vermiremediation of sewage sludge with passivant[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013,244-245:1-9.
[12] Suthar S. Metal remediation from partially composted distillery sludge using composting earthworm Eisenia fetida[J]. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2008,10(9):1099.
[13] Hait S, Tare V. Transformation and availability of nutrients and heavy metals during integrated composting-vermicomposting of sewage sludges[J]. Ecotoxicology And Environmental Safety, 2012,79:214-224.
[14] Wang L M, Zhang Y M, Lian J J, et al. Impact of fly ash and phosphatic rock on metal stabilization and bioavailability during sewage sludge vermicomposting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013,136:281-287.
[15] Huang K, Xia H, Wu Y, et al. Effects of earthworms on the fate of tetracycline and fluoroquinolone resistance genes of sewage sludge during vermicomposting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018,259:32-39.
[16] Li L X Y, Wu J Y, Tian G M, et al. Effect of the transit through the gut of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) on fractionation of Cu and Zn in pig manure[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009,167(1-3):634-640.
[17] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第3版)[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2000. Bao S D. Soil agro-chemistry analysis (3rd ed)[M]. Beijing:China Agriculture Press, 2000.
[18] 赵忠明,陈卫平,焦文涛,等.再生水灌溉对土壤性质及重金属垂直分布的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2012,33(12):4094-4099. Zhao Z M, Chen W P, Jiao W T, et al. Effect of reclaimed water irrigation on soil properties and vertical distribution of heavy metal[J]. Environmental Science, 2012,33(12):4094-4099.
[19] Tessier A, Campbell P G, Bisson M. Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals[J]. Analytical Chemistry, 1979,51(7):844-851.
[20] 许梦雅,张超,单保庆,等.白洋淀不同类型水体表层沉积物重金属的赋存形态及风险[J]. 环境科学, 2022,43(9):4532-4542. Xu M Y, Zhang C, Shan B Q, et al. Speciation and risk of heavy metals in surface sediments of different types of water bodies in Baiyangdian Lake[J]. Environmental Science, 2022,43(9):4532-4542.
[21] 姜时欣,翟付杰,张超,等.伊通河(城区段)沉积物重金属形态分布特征及风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2020,41(6):2653-2663. Jiang S X, Zhai F j, Zhang C, et al. Speciation distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments from the Yitong River City Area[J]. Environmental Science, 2020,41(6):2653-2663.
[22] 薛喜成,陈菲.小峪河金矿区土壤、植被重金属污染研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2013,41(8):141-148. Xue X C, Chen F. Heavy metal pollution on soil and vegetation in Xiaoyu gold mining area[J]. Journal of Northwest A & F University (Natural Science Edition), 2013,41(8):141-148.
[23] Huang C D, Ge Y, Shen Z Q, et al. Reveal the metal handling and resistance of earthworm Metaphire californica with different exposure history through toxicokinetic modeling[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2021,289:117954.
[24] Maňáková B, Kuta J, Svobodová M, et al. Effects of combined composting and vermicomposting of waste sludge on arsenic fate and bioavailability[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2014,280:544-551.
[25] He X, Zhang Y X, Shen M C, et al. Effect of vermicomposting on concentration and speciation of heavy metals in sewage sludge with additive materials[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2016,218:867-873.
[26] Sizmur T, Hodson M E. Do earthworms impact metal mobility and availability in soil?-A review[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2009,157(7):1981-1989.
[27] Cherian M G, Nordberg M. Cellular adaptation in metal toxicology and metallothionein[J]. Toxicology, 1983,28(1/2):1-15.
[28] Wen B, Liu Y, Hu X Y, et al. Effect of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) on the fractionation and bioavailability of rare earth elements in nine Chinese soils[J]. Chemosphere, 2006,63(7):1179-1186.
[29] Mandal J, Golui D, Datta S P. Assessing equilibria of organo-arsenic complexes and predicting uptake of arsenic by wheat grain from organic matter amended soils[J]. Chemosphere, 2019,234:419-426.
[30] Pandey A K, Pandey S D, Misra V. Stability constants of metal-humic acid complexes and its role in environmental detoxification[J]. Ecotoxicology And Environmental Safety, 2000,47(2):195-200.
[31] Cao X H, Guo J, Mao J D, et al. Adsorption and mobility of Cr(III)-organic acid complexes in soils[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011,192(3):1533-1538.
[32] 潘泳兴,陈盟,王櫹橦.典型铅锌矿流域土壤重金属累积与分布的影响因素分析[J]. 环境科学, 2023,44(11):6071-6084. Pan Y X, Chen M, Wang X T. Analysis of influencing factors on the accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in soil of a typical Lead-zinc Mine watershed[J]. Environmental Science, 2023,44(11):6071-6084.
[33] Wang Y, Jiao J J, Zhang K, et al. Enrichment and mechanisms of heavy metal mobility in a coastal quaternary groundwater system of the Pearl River Delta, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016,545:493-502.
[34] Zeng F R, Ali S, Zhang H T, et al. The influence of pH and organic matter content in paddy soil on heavy metal availability and their uptake by rice plants[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011,159(1):84-91.
[35] Williams P N, Zhang H, Davison W, et al. Organic matter-solid phase interactions are critical for predicting arsenic release and plant uptake in bangladesh paddy soils[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2011,45(14):6080-6087.
[36] Yadav K D, Tare V, Ahammed M M. Vermicomposting of source-separated human faeces by Eisenia fetida:effect of stocking density on feed consumption rate, growth characteristics and vermicompost production[J]. Waste Management, 2011,31(6):1162-1168.
[37] Gabarrón M, Zornoza R, Martínez-Martínez S, et al. Effect of land use and soil properties in the feasibility of two sequential extraction procedures for metals fractionation[J]. Chemosphere, 2019,218:266-272.
[38] Oyeyiola A O, Olayinka K O, Alo B I. Comparison of three sequential extraction protocols for the fractionation of potentially toxic metals in coastal sediments[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2011,172(1-4):319-327.
[39] De Groot R S, Blignaut J, Van Der Ploeg S, et al. Benefits of Investing in Ecosystem Restoration[J]. Conservation Biology, 2013,27(6):1286-1293.
[40] Jayarathne A, Egodawatta P, Ayoko G A, et al. Assessment of ecological and human health risks of metals in urban road dust based on geochemical fractionation and potential bioavailability[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018,635:1609-1619.